与衰老相关的肌肉萎缩是活动能力下降的重要预测因素.
age-related loss of muscle mass (sarcopenia) is an important predictor of impaired mobility.
研究者确定了12项评估去脂体重变化情况的绝经期激素疗法随机试验.
investigators identified 12 randomized trials of menopausal HT in which changes in LBM were assessed.
4,474名参与者的平均年龄为58岁,平均随访时间为2年.
among 4474 participants, mean age was 58 and median follow-up was 2 years.
强化老年人出院时的血压控制方案与再入院和严重不良事件增加相关.
Intensifying blood pressure regimens at discharge in older adults was associated with excess readmissions and serious adverse events.
住院期间,患者常出现血压暂时升高,因而导致医师在患者出院时调整其门诊抗高血压方案.
during hospitalization, patients frequently have transient elevations in blood pressure (BP), which result in modification of their outpatient antihypertensive regimens at discharge.
尚无任何研究评估这一做法可否改善患者结局.
no studies have been designed to evaluate whether this practice improves outcomes.
1年时,两组的平均收缩压和心脏不良事件发生率相似.
at 1 year, mean systolic BP and incidence of adverse cardiac events were similar in the two groups.
在出院时接受强化抗高血压方案的患者中,住院前一半以上的门诊血压控制状况良好.
more than half of patients who received antihypertensive regimen intensification at discharge had well-controlled outpatient BP before hospitalization.
这项研究凸显了住院患者的一种常见临床状况.
this study highlights a common clinical inpatient scenario.
临床医师常觉得必须对住院患者的血压读数升高采取措施,但这项研究的结果提示我们不应这样做.
clinicians often feel compelled to act on elevated BP readings in hospitalized patients, but these results suggest we should do otherwise.
总体而言,最谨慎和安全的策略是就这一问题与患者的初级诊疗医师进行沟通,并确保密切的门诊随访.
in general, the most prudent and safe strategy is communicating concerns to primary care practitioners and ensuring close outpatient follow-up.
如果可以针对住院患者无症状的血压升高制定指南,这将会很有帮助.
a guideline that addresses asymptomatic BP elevations in hospitalized patients would be helpful.
应用瞬时弹性成像,且基于风险的病例发现方法是识别临床显著肝病患者的可行方案.
risk-based case finding using transient elastography is a feasible approach to identifying clinically significant liver disease.
在肝病诊疗中,近期的一个重点是如何在初级诊疗机构识别临床显著肝病风险升高的人.
there is a recent emphasis in liver disease management on how best to identify individuals at increased risk for clinically significant disease in the primary care setting.
有许多研究制定了风险分层指南,但其中很少有研究将其应用于初级诊疗机构的人群.
many studies have developed risk stratification guidelines, but few have applied them in a primary care population.
在这项前瞻性研究中,研究者从英格兰市中心的一个家庭医生诊所招募了患者.
in this prospective study, researchers recruited patients from a family medicine practice in an inner city setting in England.
本研究纳入了有1项或多项慢性肝病危险因素(肥胖,2型糖尿病和危险饮酒)的成人,将其作为初级诊疗机构总体人群的一个亚人群.
adults with one or more risk factors for chronic liver disease (obesity, type 2 diabetes, and hazardous alcohol use) were enrolled as a subpopulation of the overall primary care practice.
患者接受了瞬时弹性成像(TE),成像读数≥8kPa被定义为显著肝病.
patients underwent transient elastography (TE), from which a reading of ≥ 8 kPa was defined as significant liver disease.
在参与本研究的576例患者中,533例(93%)有可靠的TE测定值.
among 576 patients participating, 533 (93 %) had a reliable TE measurement.
检查发现12%的患者有显著肝病,其中近1/3患者的唯一危险因素是肥胖.
significant liver disease was found in 12 % of patients, nearly one third of whom had obesity as their only risk factor.
在这一高危的初级诊疗机构人群中,近15%的患者有显著肝病.
in this high-risk primary care population, significant liver disease was present in nearly 15 % of patients.
此外,重要的是,不仅肥胖或糖尿病均为显著肝病的驱动因素,而且两者同时存在时对患病率产生协同效应.
also, importantly, not only was obesity or diabetes each individually a driver of significant liver disease, but their combined presence showed a synergistic effect on prevalence.
这项研究进一步证实,通过基于风险的病例发现方法来识别显著肝病患者是可行的,应在初级诊疗机构实施.
this study further confirms that risk-based case finding to identify patients with significant liver disease is feasible and should be implemented in primary care.
一项长期研究显示了根除幽门螺杆菌及补充维生素和大蒜的益处.
a long-term study shows benefits of H. pylori eradication and supplementation with vitamins and garlic.