要充分发挥现有干部的作用，同时要培养大批各方面的建设人才。
So, we should take full advantage of the cadres we have and at the same time train large numbers of personnel for the various fields of our construction programme.
政务院许多部门的领导人，他们注意抓生产，抓基本建设，这是对的，但是对培养干部重视不够，这主要表现在对自己所管的学校注意得很差。
Leaders in many departments of the Government Administration Council are paying close attention to production and capital construction, which is the right thing to do, but they are not paying enough attention to the training of cadres, as can be seen from the little attention they have paid to the schools they run.
殊不知办好学校，培养干部，才是最基本的建设。
They barely seem to realize that running schools well and training cadres are the fundamental of our construction programme.
现在，有的部门已有几十万员工，几十所学校，他们不去办好这些学校，却总希望从外面调人。
At present, some departments have staffs of several hundred thousand and dozens of schools, but instead of trying to run these schools well, they always pin their hopes on people transferred from other departments.
应该主要靠自己培养干部。
They should mainly depend on cadres trained in their own schools.
我们有些业务部门的领导人，认为让他管生产是重视他，让他管学校是把他降格了。
Administrative personnel in some departments fell they are highly valued if they are asked to take charge of production and feel they are being demoted if asked to run schools.
这是一种很不好的倾向，是办好学校的主要障碍，应该纠正。
This is an unhealthy tendency which represents the chief obstacle to successful management of schools and must be overcome.
苏联学校中的纪律是严得很的，我们派去的学生，如果不好好学习，就被送回来。
Discipline in schools in the Soviet Union is very rigorous.
If our students there do not study hard, they are sent back.
这种严格的要求，我们要学习。
We should learn from the Soviet schools and set such strict demands on our students.
对于学校中的个别坏学生是要开除的，学校要有“开除学籍”这个武器，没有这个武器不行。
Bad students should be expelled from school, a weapon that schools must wield and that they simply cannot do without.
开除几个坏学生，就可以教育和挽救一批学生。
If a few of the ban students are expelled, the rest may learn a lesson and mend their ways.
有的学生被开除以后，倒可能变好了。
Some bad students may become good after they have been expelled.
我们党内也有这种情况，有些同志背上有包袱，以为对他的错误没有办法，及至将他开除党籍，他倒变好了，有的人后来又入了党。
We have had similar cases in our Party.
Some comrades let themselves weighed down by their past contributions and thought no one could do anything about their mistakes.
Only after they were expelled from the Party did they become good comrades; some even rejoined the Party later.
当然不能滥用这个武器，实际上，给了学校这个武器，多数人警惕起来，反倒可以少开除几个学生。
Of course, this weapon should not be overused.
In fact, so long as schools are allowed such a weapon, the majority of students will be careful and few will need to be expelled.
学校的纪律问题，好多年了没有得到解决。
The question of school discipline has remained unsettled,
过去只是纠缠在口头上，现在要认真去做，纪律不好就要整顿。
remaining at the talking stage for many years.Now it is time we set to and strictly enforce discipline.
提议高等教育部和文委研究一下北京学校的纪律问题。
I suggest that the Ministry of Higher Education and the Culture and Education Commission study the question of discipline in Beijing's schools.
选几个典型，处理几个，写篇社论，在报纸上登一下，展开批评，教育学生，教育学校。
They should select some typical cases, deal with a few of them and then publish an editorial in the newspapers criticizing their behavior so that both schools and students can learn to do better.
关于教师待遇问题。
As for the material benefits of teachers,
现在要普遍提高他们的工资待遇是很困难的，但是真正有本领的教授、副教授，高级工程师，高级医生，以及其他方面的高级专门人才的工资待遇，应该提高。
at present it would be very difficult to raise the salary of each and every one of them, but we should raise the salaries of truly capable professors, associate professors, senior engineers, senior doctors and senior specialists in other fields of endeavor.
这样的人不会很多，全国也就是万把人。
Such people cannot be numerous, perhaps numbering only about ten thousand in the country as a whole.
前几年，全国的工资提高了很多，但有些平均主义。
In the past few years wages were raised a great deal on a nationwide basis, but there was a tendency towards egalitarianism in this action.
建筑工人，挑土工人，其他普通工人，提高了不少，有的提高了一二倍，而有本事的专门人才提高得不多。
For instance, wages of construction workers, earth-moving laborers and other ordinary workers were raised by a great margin, some by 100 to 200 per cent, while wages of capable professionals were raised very little.
将来工资的差距要拉大些，真正有本领的人，对国家贡献很大的人，工资应该更高一些。
In future wage differentials should be widened, so that genuinely capable people who have contributed greatly to the country receive much higher pay than others.