国务院政治研究室起草的《贯彻执行按劳分配的社会主义原则》这篇文章我看了，写得好，说明了按劳分配的性质是社会主义的，不是资本主义的。
I have read the article, “Implement the Socialist Principle To Each According to His Work”, drafted by the Office of Research on Political Affairs under the State Council.
It's a good article, and it explains why the principle discussed is socialist, not capitalist.
有些地方还要改一下，同当前按劳分配中存在的实际问题联系起来。
But it still needs some revision to make clear how the principle applies to current practical problems.
按劳分配就是按劳动的数量和质量进行分配。
which calls for distribution according to the quantity and quality of an individual's work.
根据这个原则，评定职工工资级别时，主要是看他的劳动好坏、技术高低、贡献大小。
In accordance with this principle, a person's grade on the pay scale is determined mainly by his performance on the job, his technical level and his actual contribution.
处理分配问题如果主要不是看劳动，而是看政治，那就不是按劳分配，而是按政分配了。
If, in handling distribution, we judged mainly on the basis of a person's politics rather than on the basis of his work, that would mean we were following the principle “to each according to his politics” rather than “to each according to his work”.
现在八级工的工资最高额是一百零几元，将来随着生产的发展，工资要逐步提高，各级工资数额要有所增加。
At present, the maximum monthly pay for a worker of Grade 8 [the highest grade at present] is a little over 100 yuan.
In the future, as production expands, there will gradually be more promotions to higher grades on the pay scale, and the amount of pay accruing to each grade will also be increased.
一个好的小学教员，他付出的劳动是相当繁重的，要提高他们的工资。
The work of good primary school teachers is quite onerous, so their salaries should be raised.
将来，有些教得很好的小学教员，工资可以评为特级。
In future, those primary school teachers who have done an excellent job may be classified as special-grade on the pay scale.
各行各业都要设立特级，以鼓励人们终身从事自己的职业。
The special-grade system should be introduced in all trades and professions so as to encourage people to devote their entire lives to one line of work.
要实行考核制度。
It is imperative to institute a system for the evaluation of work.
考核必须是严格的、全面的，而且是经常的。
The evaluations must be strict, comprehensive and regular,
各行各业都要这样做。
and they should be made in all trades and professions.
今后职工提级要根据考核的成绩，合格的就提，而且允许跳级，不合格的就不提。
In the future, promotion on the pay scale will be based on the result of these evaluations.
Those who reach the required standard will be upgraded and may even jump grades.
Those who do not won't be promoted.
要有奖有罚，奖罚分明。
We must have rewards and penalties, and the criteria must be perfectly clear.
颁发奖牌、奖状是精神鼓励，是一种政治上的荣誉。
The awarding of medals and certificates of merit constitutes moral encouragement and represents a political honour.
但物质鼓励也不能缺少。
However, material incentives cannot be dispensed with either.
在这方面，我们过去行之有效的各种措施都要恢复。
All related measures which have proved effective in the past should be restored.
奖金制度也要恢复。
The bonus system should also be reinstated.
搞科学研究出了重大成果的人，除了对他的发明创造给予奖励外，还可以提高他的工资级别。
As for persons who have scored major achievements in scientific research, in addition to being given awards for their inventions or innovations, they should be promoted on the pay scale.
如果他干了几年，干不出成绩来，就应该让他改行。
On the other hand, if a person has no achievement to his credit after several years' effort, he should be asked to switch to some other occupation.
稿费制度也要恢复，并根据新的情况加以修订。
The system of making additional payments to writers and artists for articles, etc should be restored, with some modifications in the light of the new situation.
贯彻按劳分配原则有好多事情要做。
There is still a lot to be done to implement the principle “to each according to his work”.
总的是为了一个目的，就是鼓励大家上进。
The point of all this is to encourage people to make progress.