我个人认为，毛泽东同志在文化大革命以前的大部分时间里，对科学研究工作、文化教育工作的一系列指示，基本精神是鼓励，是提倡，是估计到我们知识分子中的绝大多数是好的，是为社会主义服务或者愿意为社会主义服务的。
I personally believe that the many instructions Comrade Mao Zedong gave on scientific research, culture and education during most of the period preceding the “cultural revolution” were essentially meant to be encouraging and stimulating.
They took it for granted that the overwhelming majority of the intellectuals were good and were serving, or willing to serve, socialism.
在一九五七年以后讲过一些过头话，但在六十年代初期，他还是支持科学十四条、高等学校六十条这些的。
After 1957 he went overboard in some of his remarks, but in the early sixties he endorsed such documents as the “Fourteen Articles on Scientific Work” and the “Sixty Articles on Work in Institutions of Higher Learning”.
毛泽东思想是我们一切领域的指导思想，应当从总体方面完整地准确地表达出来。
Mao Zedong Thought is the ideology guiding all our fields of endeavour; therefore, ^+1it is very important to present the entire system accurately and as an integral whole.
对全国教育战线十七年的工作怎样估计？
How should we evaluate China's educational work in the first 17 years?
我看，主导方面是红线。
I think the “red line” was predominant.
应当肯定，十七年中，绝大多数知识分子，不管是科学工作者还是教育工作者，在毛泽东思想的光辉照耀下，在党的正确领导下，辛勤劳动，努力工作，取得了很大成绩。
It must be affirmed that in those years, under the wise guidance of Mao Zedong Thought and the correct leadership of the Party, most intellectuals, whether in science or in education, worked assiduously and achieved great successes.
特别是教育工作者，他们的劳动更辛苦。
People in the field of education worked especially hard.
现在差不多各条战线的骨干力量，大都是建国以后我们自己培养的，特别是前十几年培养出来的。
In almost every field of endeavour, the workers who now form the core contingent are ones whom we trained after the founding of the People's Republic and particularly during the first 17 years.
就知识分子的世界观改造方面来说，应该怎样估计呢？
And how should we assess the transformation of the intellectuals' world outlook?
我国的知识分子绝大多数是自觉自愿地为社会主义服务的。
The overwhelming majority of our intellectuals serve socialism of their own volition.
反对社会主义的是极少数，对社会主义不那么热心的也只是一小部分。
Those who are opposed to socialism are only a tiny handful, and those who are lukewarm about it likewise constitute only a small part of the whole.
当然，历史不断前进，人们的思想也要不断改造。
Of course, history keeps moving forward, which means that people must constantly remould their thinking.
不仅从旧社会过来的知识分子要改造，就是建国以后培养出来的知识分子也要继续改造。
This holds true not only for intellectuals from the old society, but also for those trained since the founding of the People's Republic.
不仅是知识分子的思想要继续改造，工人农民和共产党员的思想也要继续改造。
And if the intellectuals must continue to remould their thinking, so must the workers, peasants and Party members.
第二，关于调动积极性问题。
Second, how shall we mobilize the energies of workers in science and education?”
解决了对十七年的估计问题，恐怕至少在精神上可以使大家放下包袱。
Now that the question of how to evaluate the first 17 years has been answered, a weight should have been lifted from your minds.
就今天的现状来说，要特别注意调动教育工作者的积极性，要强调尊重教师。
In view of the present state of affairs, however, we must make a special effort to mobilize the energies of educational workers and to secure respect for teachers.
我国科学研究的希望，在于它的队伍有来源。
The progress of scientific research in our country is determined by the availability of personnel.
科研是靠教育输送人才的，一定要把教育办好。
We must do well in education because scientific research depends on it for the supply of trained people.
我们要把从事教育工作的与从事科研工作的放到同等重要的地位，使他们受到同样的尊重，同样的重视。
We should accord educational workers a position of equal importance to that of scientific researchers and make sure that they are equally valued and respected.
一个小学教师，把全部精力放到教育事业上，就是很可贵的。
A primary school teacher who gives his or her all to the cause of education is a precious asset.
要当好一个小学教师，付出的劳动并不比一个大学教师少，因此小学教师同大学教师一样光荣。
The labour expended by a good primary school teacher is no less than that expended by a college or university professor; hence the profession of primary school teacher should be equally honoured.
我自告奋勇管科教方面的工作，中央也同意了。
I have volunteered to take charge of the work in science and education, and this has been approved by the Central Committee.
我们国家要赶上世界先进水平，从何着手呢？
China must catch up with the most advanced countries in the world.
But how shall we go about it?