故君子重之。
The ceremony of marriage was intended to be a bond of love between two (families of different) surnames, with a view, in its retrospective character, to secure the services in the ancestral temple, and in its prospective character, to secure the continuance of the family line.
Therefore the superior men, (the ancient rulers), set a great value upon it.
Hence, in regard to the various (introductory) ceremonies,--the proposal with its accompanying gift; the inquiries about the (lady's) name; the intimation of the approving divination; the receiving the special offerings; and the request to fix the day - these all were received by the principal party (on the lady's side), as he rested on his mat or leaning-stool in the ancestral temple, (When they arrived), he met the messenger, and greeted him outside the gate, giving place to him as he entered, after which they ascended to the hall.
Thus were the instructions received in the ancestral temple, and in this way was the ceremony respected, and watched over, while its importance was exhibited and care taken that all its details should be correct.
是以昏禮納采、問名、納吉、納徵、請期，皆主人筵几於廟，而拜迎於門外，入，揖讓而升，聽命於廟，所以敬慎、重正昏禮也。
The ceremony of marriage was intended to be a bond of love between two (families of different) surnames, with a view, in its retrospective character, to secure the services in the ancestral temple, and in its prospective character, to secure the continuance of the family line.
Therefore the superior men, (the ancient rulers), set a great value upon it.
Hence, in regard to the various (introductory) ceremonies,--the proposal with its accompanying gift; the inquiries about the (lady's) name; the intimation of the approving divination; the receiving the special offerings; and the request to fix the day - these all were received by the principal party (on the lady's side), as he rested on his mat or leaning-stool in the ancestral temple, (When they arrived), he met the messenger, and greeted him outside the gate, giving place to him as he entered, after which they ascended to the hall.
Thus were the instructions received in the ancestral temple, and in this way was the ceremony respected, and watched over, while its importance was exhibited and care taken that all its details should be correct.
孔子曰：「卿、大夫、士從攝主，北面，於西階南。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
大祝裨冕，執束帛，升自西階盡等，不升堂，命毋哭。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
祝聲三，告曰：『某之子生，敢告。』升，奠幣于殯東几上，哭，降。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
眾主人、卿、大夫、士，房中，皆哭不踴。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
盡一哀，反位。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
遂朝奠。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
小宰升舉幣。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
三日，眾主人、卿、大夫、士，如初位，北面。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
大宰、大宗、大祝皆裨冕。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
少師奉子以衰；祝先，子從，宰宗人從。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
入門，哭者止，子升自西階。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
殯前北面。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
祝立于殯東南隅。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
祝聲三曰：『某之子某，從執事，敢見。』子拜稽顙哭。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
祝、宰、宗人、眾主人、卿、大夫、士，哭踴三者三，降東反位，皆袒，子踴，房中亦踴三者三。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
襲衰，杖，奠出。
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
大宰命祝史，以名遍告于五祀山川。」
Confucius said, 'The high nobles, Great officers and (other) officers, following the chief (minister), who takes charge of the government for the time, (should collect) at the south of the western steps, with their faces towards the north. (Then) the Grand officer of prayer, in his court robes and cap, bearing in his hands a bundle of rolls of silk, will go up to the topmost step, and (there), without ascending the hall, will order the wailing to cease.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will make announcement (to the spirit of the deceased ruler), saying, "The son of such and such a lady has been born.
I venture to announce the fact." He will then go up, and place the silks on a stool on the east of the body in the coffin, wail, and descend.
All the relatives of the deceased who are there (at the mourning), the high nobles, the Great and other officers, (with the women) in the apartments, all will wail, but without the leaping.
When this burst of sorrow is over, they will return to their (proper) places, and proceed forthwith to set forth the mourning offerings to the dead.
The minor minister will ascend, and take away the bundle of silks.
On the third day, all the relatives, high nobles, Great and other officers, should take their places as before, with their faces to the north.
The Grand minister, the Grand master of the ancestral temple, and the Grand officer of prayer, should all be in their court-robes and caps.
The master for the child will carry the child in his arms on a mat of sackcloth.
The officer of prayer will precede, followed by the child, and the minister and master of the temple will come after.
Thus they will enter the door (of the apartment where the coffin is), when the wailers will cease.
The child has been brought up by the western steps, and is held in front of the coffin with his face to the north, while the officer of prayer stands at the south-east corner of it.
Mournfully clearing his voice three times, he will say, "So and So, the son of such and such a lady, and we, his servants, who follow him, presume to appear before you." The boy is (then made) to do obeisance, with his forehead on the ground, and to wail.
The officer of prayer, the minister, the officer of the temple, all the relatives, the high nobles, with the Great and other officers, will wail and leap, leaping three times with each burst of grief. (Those who had gone up to the hall then) descend, and go back to their proper places on the east; where all bare the left arm and shoulder.
The son (in the arms of his bearer is made) to leap, and (the women) in the apartments also leap.
Thrice they will do so, leaping three times each time. (The bearer for the son) will cover up his sackcloth, walk with a staff, (ascend and) set forth the offerings by the dead, and then quit the scene.
The Grand minister will charge the officer of prayer and the recorder to announce the name all round, at the five altars of the house, and at those (to the spirits) of the hills and streams.'
南宮絳之妻之姑之喪，夫子誨之髽曰：「爾毋從從爾，爾毋扈扈爾。
At the mourning for her mother-in-law, the Master instructed (his niece), the wife of Nan-gong Jiang, about the way in which she should tie up her hair with sackcloth, saying, 'Do not make it very high, nor very broad.
Have the hair-pin of hazel-wood, and the hair-knots (hanging down) eight inches.'
蓋榛以為笄，長尺，而總八寸。」
At the mourning for her mother-in-law, the Master instructed (his niece), the wife of Nan-gong Jiang, about the way in which she should tie up her hair with sackcloth, saying, 'Do not make it very high, nor very broad.
Have the hair-pin of hazel-wood, and the hair-knots (hanging down) eight inches.'
天道至教，聖人至德。
The courses of the heavenly (bodies) supply the most perfect lessons, and the sages possessed the highest degree of virtue.
Above, in the hall of the ancestral temple, there was the jar, with clouds and hills represented on it on the east, and that with the victim represented on it on the west.
Below the hall the larger drums were suspended on the west, and the smaller drums answering to them on the east.
The ruler appeared at the (top of the) steps on the east; his wife was in the apartment on the west.
The great luminary makes his appearance in the east; the moon makes her appearance in the west.
Such are the different ways in which the processes of darkness and light are distributed in nature, and such are the arrangements for the positions (corresponding thereto) of husband and wife.
The ruler fills his cup from the jar with an elephant represented on it; his wife fills hers from that with clouds and hills.
With such reciprocation do the ceremonies proceed above, while the music responds in the same way below - there is the perfection of harmony.
廟堂之上，罍尊在阼，犧尊在西。
The courses of the heavenly (bodies) supply the most perfect lessons, and the sages possessed the highest degree of virtue.
Above, in the hall of the ancestral temple, there was the jar, with clouds and hills represented on it on the east, and that with the victim represented on it on the west.
Below the hall the larger drums were suspended on the west, and the smaller drums answering to them on the east.
The ruler appeared at the (top of the) steps on the east; his wife was in the apartment on the west.
The great luminary makes his appearance in the east; the moon makes her appearance in the west.
Such are the different ways in which the processes of darkness and light are distributed in nature, and such are the arrangements for the positions (corresponding thereto) of husband and wife.
The ruler fills his cup from the jar with an elephant represented on it; his wife fills hers from that with clouds and hills.
With such reciprocation do the ceremonies proceed above, while the music responds in the same way below - there is the perfection of harmony.
廟堂之下，縣鼓在西，應鼓在東。
The courses of the heavenly (bodies) supply the most perfect lessons, and the sages possessed the highest degree of virtue.
Above, in the hall of the ancestral temple, there was the jar, with clouds and hills represented on it on the east, and that with the victim represented on it on the west.
Below the hall the larger drums were suspended on the west, and the smaller drums answering to them on the east.
The ruler appeared at the (top of the) steps on the east; his wife was in the apartment on the west.
The great luminary makes his appearance in the east; the moon makes her appearance in the west.
Such are the different ways in which the processes of darkness and light are distributed in nature, and such are the arrangements for the positions (corresponding thereto) of husband and wife.
The ruler fills his cup from the jar with an elephant represented on it; his wife fills hers from that with clouds and hills.
With such reciprocation do the ceremonies proceed above, while the music responds in the same way below - there is the perfection of harmony.