四日电悉。
#§Your telegram of the 4th has been received.
望照此去做,不要放松。
# § Please proceed along these lines and do not slacken.
但在实际上,三月仍须整训,并须着重学习政策,准备接收并管理大城市。
#§Actually, however, training and consolidation must continue in March; the study of policy must be stressed and preparations must be made to take over and administer the large cities.
今后将一反过去二十年先乡村后城市的方式,而改变为先城市后乡村的方式。
#§ From now on, the formula followed in the past twenty years, "first the rural areas, then the cities", will be reversed and changed to the formula, "first the cities, then the rural areas".
军队不但是一个战斗队,而且主要地是一个工作队。
# §The army is not only a fighting force, it is mainly a working force.
军队干部应当全体学会接收城市和管理城市,懂得在城市中善于对付帝国主义和国民党反动派,善于对付资产阶级,善于领导工人和组织工会,善于动员和组织青年,善于团结和训练新区的干部,善于管理工业和商业,善于管理学校、报纸、通讯社和广播电台,善于处理外交事务,善于处理各民主党派、人民团体的问题,善于调剂城市和乡村的关系,解决粮食、煤炭和其它必需品的问题,善于处理金融和财政问题。
#§ All army cadres should learn how to take over and administer cities. # §In urban work they should learn how to be good at dealing with the imperialists and Kuomintang reactionaries, good at dealing with the bourgeoisie, good at leading the workers and organizing trade unions, good at mobilizing and organizing the youth, good at uniting with and training cadres in the new Liberated Areas, good at managing industry and commerce, good at running schools, newspapers, news agencies and broadcasting stations, good at handling foreign affairs, good at handling problems relating to the democratic parties and people's organizations, good at adjusting the relations between the cities and the rural areas and solving the problems of food, coal and other daily necessities and good at handling monetary and financial problems.
总之,过去军队干部和战士们所不熟悉的一切城市问题,今后均应全部负担在自己的身上。
#§ In short, all urban problems, with which in the past our army cadres and fighters were unfamiliar, should from now on be shouldered by them.
你们前进,要占领四五个省的地区,除城市外,还有广大乡村的工作要你们去做。
#§ You are to advance and occupy four or five provinces, and in addition to the cities you will have to attend to vast rural areas.
南方乡村,因为完全是新区,和北方老区的工作根本不同。
#§ Since in the south all the rural areas will be newly liberated, the work will be fundamentally different from that in the old Liberated Areas of the north.
头一年还不能实行减租减息政策,大体上只能照原样交租交息。
# § In the first year, the policy of reducing rent and interest cannot be applied, and rent and interest will have to be paid in roughly the same way as before.
要在此种条件下去进行乡村工作。
#§ Our rural work will have to proceed under these conditions.
因此,乡村工作,也得从新学习。
# § Therefore, rural work must also be learned afresh.
城市工作则较为困难,而又是目前学习的最主要方面。
#§ Urban work is more difficult and is the main subject you are studying.
如果我们的干部不能迅速学会管理城市,则我们将会发生极大困难。
#§ If our cadres cannot quickly master the administration of cities, we shall encounter extreme difficulties.
因此,你们必须在二月处理其它一切问题,而在三月一个整月内,全部学习城市工作和新区工作。
#§ Consequently you must settle all other problems in February and use the whole month of March to learn how to work in the cities and in the new Liberated Areas.
国民党只有一百几十万军队,散布在广大地方。
# § The Kuomintang has only one million several hundred thousand troops, scattered over a huge territory.
当然还有许多仗要打,但是像淮海战役那样大规模作战的可能性就不多了,或者简直可以说是没有了,严重的战争时期已经过去了。
#§ Of course, there are still many battles to fight, but there is little possibility of such large-scale fighting as in the Huai-Hai campaign, and it may even be said that there is no such possibility and that the period of severe fighting is over.
军队还是一个战斗队,在这一点上决不能松气,如果松气,那就是错误的。
# § The army is still a fighting force, and in this respect there must be absolutely no relaxing; to relax would be a mistake.
但是,军队变为工作队,现在已经要求我们这样提出任务了。
#§ Nevertheless, the time has come for us to set ourselves the task of turning the army into a working force.
我们现在正在准备五万三千个干部随军南下,但是这个数目很小。
# § We are preparing to send 53,000 cadres south with the army, but this is a very small number.
占领八九个省、占领几十个大城市所需要的工作干部,数量极大,这主要依靠军队本身自己解决。
#§ The occupation of eight or nine provinces and scores of big cities will require a huge number of working cadres, and to solve this problem the army must rely chiefly on itself.
军队就是一个学校,二百一十万野战军,等于几千个大学和中学,一切工作干部,主要地依靠军队本身来解决。
#§ The army is a school. #§ Our field armies of 2,100,000 are equivalent to several thousand universities and secondary schools. #§ We have to rely chiefly on the army to supply our working cadres.
既然严重的战争基本上已经过去,则军队人数和装备的补充,以达到适当程度为宜,决不可要求太多、太好、太完备,以至引起财政危机。
#§ Since severe fighting is basically over, replenishment of the army's manpower and equipment should be kept within suitable limits, and too much must not be demanded as regards quantity, quality and completeness, lest this should cause financial crisis.
这一点,你们亦必须严重考虑。
#§ That is another point you should seriously consider.