毛泽东选集/评国民党对战争责任问题的几种答案

#§"After the conclusion of the War of Resistance, the Government, following a policy of peace and national reconstruction, endeavoured to solve peacefully the problem of the Communist Party of China.

# §For a period of a year and a half the Communist Party of China broke every agreement and therefore it should bear the responsibility for wrecking peace.

#§ Instead, it has now drawn up a list of so-called war criminals which includes all the Government leaders and has even demanded that the Government first arrest them; this clearly shows how truculent and unreasonable the Communist Party is.

# §Unless the Communist Party of China changes this behaviour, it will indeed be difficult to find a way to peace negotiations."

#§The above is the entire argument on the question of the responsibility for the war which the Propaganda Department of the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang advanced in a "Special Directive for Propaganda", issued on February 13, 1949. #§It is the argument of none other than War Criminal No. 1, Chiang Kai-shek.

# §In his New Year's Day statement he said: As a devoted adherent of the Three People's Principles and the teachings of the Father of the Republic, I was reluctant to follow the conclusion of the war against Japan with the armed suppression of the bandits and thereby to aggravate the sufferings of the people.

# §Therefore, as soon as the War of Resistance came to an end, our Government proclaimed its policy of peace and national reconstruction and moreover sought to solve the Communist problem by means of political consultation and military mediation.

# §But contrary to our expectations, the Communist Party for a period of a year and a half wilfully obstructed all agreements and proposals and made it impossible to carry them out by the measures which were originally intended.

# §Finally, it even started an all-out armed rebellion which threatened the very existence of the state.

#§ This Government was thus driven to the painful necessity of mobilization to put down the rebellion.

#§On December 25, 1948, seven days before Chiang Kai-shek made this statement, an authoritative person in the Communist Party of China put forward a list of forty-three war criminals and illustrious at the head of the list was none other than this same Chiang Kai-shek.

#§ The war criminals, who want both to sue for peace and to shirk their responsibility, have no alternative but to shift the blame onto the Communist Party.

#§ But the two are irreconcilable.

# §Since the Communist Party should bear the responsibility for launching the war, then the Communist Party should be punished.

# §Since the Communists are "bandits", then the "bandits" should be "suppressed".

#§ Since they "started an all-out armed rebellion", then the "rebellion" should be "put down".

#§ "Bandit suppression" and "the putting down of rebellion" are a hundred per cent right, so why should they be abandoned?

# §Why has the term "Communist bandits" been changed into "Communist Party" in all Kuomintang public documents issued since January 1, 1949?

#§Sun Fo, feeling that something was amiss, put forward a different argument about the responsibility for the war in a speech broadcast on the evening of the same day Chiang Kai-shek issued his New Year's Day statement.

# §Sun Fo said: We remember that in the early period following the victory of the War of Resistance, three years ago, because the people needed rehabilitation, the country needed active reconstruction and there was still common understanding of these needs among the various parties, we called together representatives from various quarters and public personages for a Political Consultative Conference.

# §After three weeks' effort and thanks especially to the kind mediation of Mr. Marshall, President Truman's special envoy, we agreed upon a programme for peace and national reconstruction and upon specific measures for settling various disputes.

# §If we had then carried out all these measures in good time, just think how prosperous China would be today, and how happy her people would be!

#§ Unfortunately, at the time none of the various parties concerned would entirely forgo its selfish interests, the people throughout the country did not exert themselves to the utmost to promote the success of the peace movement, and so the disaster of war again occurred, plunging the people into misery and suffering.

# §You see, unlike Chiang Kai-shek, he does not shift the responsibility for the war entirely onto the Communist Party, but divides the blame equally among "the various parties concerned" by the method of "equalization of landownership".