§*这是毛泽东同志为中共中央起草的一些重要指示。
#§Important directives drafted for the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.
§反贪污、反浪费一事，实是全党一件大事，我们已告诉你们严重地注意此事。
#§The struggle against corruption and waste is a major issue which concerns the whole Party, and we have told you to give it your serious attention.
我们认为需要来一次全党的大清理，彻底揭露一切大、中、小贪污事件，而着重打击大贪污犯，对中小贪污犯则取教育改造不使重犯的方针，才能停止很多党员被资产阶级所腐蚀的极大危险现象，才能克服二中全会所早已料到的这种情况，并实现二中全会防止腐蚀的方针，务请你们加以注意。
# We need to have a good clean-up in the whole Party, which will thoroughly uncover all cases of corruption, whether major, medium or minor, and aim the main blows at the most corrupt, while following the policy of educating and remoulding the medium and minor embezzlers so that they will not relapse.# Only thus can we check the grave danger of many Party members being corroded by the bourgeoisie, put an end to a situation already foreseen at the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee and carry out the principle of combating corrosion then laid down.# Be sure to give all this your attention.
§必须严重地注意干部被资产阶级腐蚀发生严重贪污行为这一事实，注意发现、揭露和惩处，并须当作一场大斗争来处理。
#§Particular attention must be paid to the fact that the corrosion of cadres by the bourgeoisie results in serious cases of corruption.# Be sure to detect, expose and punish those involved and to take this as a major struggle.
§应把反贪污、反浪费、反官僚主义的斗争看作如同镇压反革命的斗争一样的重要，一样的发动广大群众包括民主党派及社会各界人士去进行，一样的大张旗鼓去进行，一样的首长负责，亲自动手，号召坦白和检举，轻者批评教育，重者撤职、惩办、判处徒刑(劳动改造)，直至枪毙一批最严重的贪污犯，才能解决问题。
#§The struggle against corruption, waste and bureaucracy should be stressed as much as the struggle to suppress counter-revolutionaries.# As in the latter, the broad masses, including the democratic parties and also people in all walks of life, should be mobilized, the present struggle should be given wide publicity, the leading cadres should take personal charge and pitch in, and people should be called on to make a clean breast of their own wrongdoing and to report on the guilt of others.# In minor cases the guilty should be criticized and educated; in major ones the guilty should be dismissed from office, punished, or sentenced to prison terms (to be reformed through labour), and the worst among them should be shot.# The problem can only be solved in these ways.
§在全国一切城市，首先在大城市和中等城市中，依靠工人阶级，团结守法的资产阶级及其它市民，向着违法的资产阶级开展一个大规模的坚决的彻底的反对行贿、反对偷税漏税、反对盗骗国家财产、反对偷工减料和反对盗窃经济情报的斗争，以配合党政军民内部的反对贪污、反对浪费、反对官僚主义的斗争，现在是极为必要和极为适时的。
#§In all cities, and first of all in the big and medium-sized cities, we should rely on the working class and unite with the law-abiding capitalists and other sections of the urban population to wage a large scale, resolute and thoroughgoing struggle against those capitalists who are violating the law by bribery, tax evasion, theft of state property, cheating on government contracts and stealing economic information; we should co-ordinate this struggle with that against corruption, waste and bureaucracy, which is being waged inside the Party, government, army and mass organizations.# This is both imperative and very timely.
在这个斗争中，各城市的党组织对于阶级和群众的力量必须作精密的部署，必须注意利用矛盾、实行分化、团结多数、孤立少数的策略，在斗争中迅速形成“五反”的统一战线。
# In the struggle, Party organizations in all cities must carefully dispose the forces of the classes and masses and adopt the tactics of utilizing contradictions, effecting splits, uniting with the many and isolating the few so that in the process a united front against the "five evils" will speedily take shape.
这种统一战线，在一个大城市中，在猛烈展开“五反”之后，大约有三个星期就可以形成。
# In a big city, as the struggle against the "five evils" gets into full swing, such a united front may well come into being within about three weeks.
只要形成了这个统一战线，那些罪大恶极的反动资本家就会陷于孤立，国家就能很有理由地和顺利地给他们以各种必要的惩处，例如逮捕、徒刑、枪决、没收、罚款等等。
# Once this united front is formed, those reactionary capitalists guilty of the worst crimes will be isolated, and the state will be in a strong position to mete out due punishment, such as fines, confiscation, arrest, imprisonment or execution, without much opposition.
全国各大城市(包括各省城)在二月上旬均应进入“五反”战斗，请你们速作部署。
# All our big cities (including provincial capitals) should start the struggle against the "five evils" in the first ten days of February.# Please make prompt arrangements.
§一、在“五反”运动中对工商户处理的基本原则是:过去从宽，今后从严(例如补税一般只补一九五一年的)；多数从宽，少数从严；坦白从宽，抗拒从严；工业从宽，商业从严；普通商业从宽，投机商业从严。
#§(1) In the movement against the "five evils" the basic principles in dealing with industrial and commercial units are: leniency for past offenses and severity for new ones (for instance, payment of taxes that have been evaded is generally retroactive only to 1951); leniency towards the many and severity towards the few; leniency towards those owning up to their crimes and severity towards those refusing to do so; leniency for industry and severity for commerce; and leniency for commerce in general and severity for commercial speculation.
望各级党委在“五反”中掌握这几条原则。
# The Party committees at all levels are asked to adhere to these principles in the movement against the "five evils".
§二、在“五反”目标下划分私人工商户的类型，应分为守法的、基本守法的、半守法半违法的、严重违法的和完全违法的五类。
#§(2) For the purpose of the movement against the "five evils" private industrial and commercial units should be classified into five categories: the law-abiding, the basically law-abiding, those that partly abide by the law and partly break it, those that break the law on a serious scale, and those that completely violate the law.
就大城市说，前三类约占百分之九十五左右，后二类约占百分之五左右。
# As far as the big cities are concerned, the first three categories make up about 95 per cent and the last two about 5 per cent.
各个大城市略有出入，大体相差不远。
# The percentages for different big cities are roughly the same, with only small variations.
中等城市则和这个比例数字相差较大。
# As for medium-sized cities, the percentages differ considerably from these figures.
§三、这五类包括资产阶级和非资产阶级的独立手工业户及家庭商业户，不包括摊贩。
#§(3) These five categories apply to the capitalists and the non-capitalist independent handicraftsmen and family traders, but not to the street vendors.
各大城市可以暂时不去处理摊贩，但对独立手工业户和家庭商业户最好给以处理。
# In big cities the street vendors may be left alone for the time being, but the independent handicraftsmen and family traders had better be dealt with.
各中等城市在“五反”中最好对独立工商户及摊贩均给以处理。
# In medium-sized cities it would be better to deal with both the independent handicraftsmen and traders and the street vendors in this movement.
不雇工人、店员(但有些人家带了学徒)的独立工商户在我国各大中城市数目很大，他们中许多是守法的，也有许多是基本守法部分违法的(即有小额偷漏税，即所谓有小问题的)，也有少数是属于半守法半违法即偷漏税较大的。
# In our big and medium-sized cities there are large numbers of independent handicraftsmen and traders who do not employ workers or shop assistants (though some have apprentices).# Many of them are law-abiding, many others basically abide by the law but partly break it (i.e.they have minor offenses to account for, such as small-scale evasion of taxes), and a small number partly abide by the law and partly break it and have evaded taxes on a larger scale.
我们既要在此次“五反”中处理一大批小资本家，给他们做出结论，也应尽可能努力将和小资本家数目大略相等的独立工商户加以处理，给他们做出结论，这对于目前的“五反”和今后的经济建设都是有利的。
# In the current movement against the "five evils" we must deal with a considerable number of small capitalists and pass judgment on them, and as far as possible do likewise with the independent handicraftsmen and traders, who roughly equal the small capitalists in number.# This will be to the advantage of the current movement and to economic construction in the days ahead.
这两种工商户一般都无大问题，给他们做结论是不困难的。
# The small capitalists as well as the independent handicraftsmen and traders are generally innocent of serious offences, and it is not difficult to pass judgment on them.
做了结论以后，我们就获得了广大群众的拥护。
# In so acting, we shall win support from the masses.
但个别城市如认为先给其它工商户做结论，而将独立工商户的结论放在后面去做较为方便，也是可以的。
# However, if a few cities think it convenient to pass judgment first on industrial and commercial units other than the independent handicraftsmen and traders and defer judgment on the latter, that is in order, too.