§* 这是毛泽东同志在中国人民政治协商会议第一届全国委员会常务委员会第三十八次会议上讲话的要点。
#§Salient points of a speech delivered at the thirty-eighth meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
§朝鲜战争的局势，去年七月以后定下来了，但是国内的财政经济状况，能不能稳下来，那时还没有把握。
#§The war situation in Korea became stable after July last year, but at the time we were not sure whether the financial and economic situation at home could be stabilized.
因此，中共中央在去年九月开了一次会，提出增加生产，厉行节约。
# That is why the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party convened a meeting last September and called for increased production and strict economy.
十月，我又在政协第一届全国委员会第三次会议上，提出增产节约。
# In October, I repeated this call at the Third Session of the First National Committee of the Political Consultative Conference.
在增产节约运动中，揭发出相当严重的贪污、浪费、官僚主义的问题，到十二月开展了“三反”运动，接着又开展了“五反”运动。
# The subsequent campaign to increase production and practice economy brought to light rather serious cases of corruption, waste and bureaucracy.# In December the movement against the "three evils" was launched, and this was followed by the movement against the "five evils".
现在“三反”“五反”运动胜利结束，问题完全清楚了，天下大定。
# Both these movements have come to a successful conclusion, the situation is now perfectly clear and general stability has been achieved.
§去年抗美援朝战争的费用，和国内建设的费用大体相等，一半一半。
#§Last year, what we spent on the war to resist U.S.aggression and aid Korea more or less equalled our expenditures for national construction; it was fifty-fifty.
今年不同，战争费用估计只要用去年的一半。
# This year it will be different.# It is estimated that the outlays for war will come to only half last year's figure.
现在我们的部队减少了，但是装备加强了。
# Our troops are fewer in number but they are better equipped.
我们过去打了二十几年仗，从来没有空军，只有人家炸我们。
# For more than two decades we fought without an air force and we were always on the receiving end of enemy bombing.
抗美援朝战争是个大学校，我们在那里实行大演习，这个演习比办军事学校好。
# The war to resist U.S.aggression and aid Korea is a big school for large-scale military exercises, and such exercises are better than a military academy.
如果明年再打一年，全部陆军都可以轮流去训练一回。
# If the fighting continue, through next year, all our land forces will have had their spell of military training in Korea.
§这次战争，我付本来存在三个问题：一、能不能打；二、能不能守；三、有没有东西吃。
#§In this war we were confronted with three problems at the start: first, our ability to fight, second, our ability to hold out and, third, our ability to feed ourselves.
§能不能打，这个问题两三个月就解决了。
#§The problem of our ability to fight was solved within the first two or three months.
敌人大炮比我们多，但士气低，是铁多气少。
# The enemy had more artillery, but their morale was low; they were rich in metal but poor in morale.
§能不能守，这个问题去年也解决了。
#§The problem of our ability to hold out was also solved last year.
我们挖两层工事，敌人攻上来，我们就进地道。
# We constructed two tiers of defence works.# When the enemy attacked, we got into the tunnels.
有时敌人占领了上面，但下面还是属于我们的。
# Sometimes the enemy occupied the positions overhead, but what lay below remained in our hands.
等敌人进入阵地，我们就反攻，给他极大的杀伤。
# When they were in our positions, we counter-attacked, inflicting heavy casualties on them.
敌人对我们很没有办法。
# The enemy was entirely at a loss as to how to cope with us.
§吃的问题，也就是保证给养的问题，很久不能解决。
#§It was quite some time before the problem of food supplies, that is, the problem of ensuring provisions, was solved.
每个师都有三个月粮食，都有仓库，还有礼堂，生活很好。
# Each division has grain reserves for three months, its own storage area and a meeting hall to boot, and our men are making a go of life in the tunnels.
§现在是方针明确，阵地巩固，供给有保证，每个战士都懂得要坚持到底。
#§Today, our policy is clear and definite, our positions are secure, our provisions ensured, and every soldier knows that he must fight to the end.
§究竟打到那一年为止，谈判到什么时候？
#§Just how long will the fighting go on, and just when will the negotiations draw to a close?