§这次会议，要讨论的问题主要是三个：思想动向问题，农村问题，经济问题。
#§The present conference will chiefly discuss three questions: the question of ideological trends, the rural question and the economic question.
今天我讲一讲思想动向问题。
# Today I shall speak on the question of ideological trends.
这里当作第一个问题提出来。
-1`#which I am taking up here as the first question.
现在，党内的思想动向，社会上的思想动向，出现了很值得注意的问题。
# At present, certain problems concerning them inside the Party and in society at large have cropped up and demand our close attention.
在评级过程中，有那样的人，升了一级不够，甚至升了两级还躺在床上哭鼻子，大概要升三级才起床。
# In the discussion of the grading of cadres, there were instances where a cadre would not be satisfied with a rise of one grade, even a rise of two grades still left him weeping in bed, and perhaps only a three-grade promotion could get him out of bed.
他这么一闹，就解决了一个问题，什么干部评级，根本不评了，工资大体平均、略有差别就是了。
# The fuss they kicked up has settled the question. # This business of grading cadres, have done with it! # Let wages be roughly evened out, with slight differences Here and there.
以前北洋军阀政府里有个内阁总理，叫唐绍仪，后头当了广东中山县的县长。
# In the old days, the government of the Northern warlords had a prime minister by the name of Tang Shao-yi. # Years later he was magistrate of Chungshan County, Kwangtung Province.
旧社会的一个内阁总理可以去当县长，为什么我们的部长倒不能去当县长？
# If a prime minister in the old society could serve as a county magistrate, why on earth can't our government ministers do likewise?
我看，那些闹级别，升得降不得的人，在这一点上，还不如这个旧官僚。
# In this regard, those who fuss over their rank and can be graded up but not down compare poorly, in my opinion, with this old mandarin.
他们不是比艰苦，比多做工作少得享受，而是比阔气，比级别，比地位。
# They vie with each other not in plain living, doing more work and having fewer comforts, but for luxuries, rank and status.
这类思想在党内现在有很大的发展，值得我们注意。
# At present, this kind of thinking has grown considerably in the Party, and the matter demands our attention.
是合作社好，还是个体经济好？
# Which is better, the co-operative, or the individual economy?
这类合作社，工分所值，原先许的愿大了，后头没有那么多，社员收入没有增加，甚至还有减少。
# The cash value of work-points in these co-operatives turned out to be less than had been promised, and there was no increase but actually a decrease in the income of the members.
于是议论就来了：合作社还好不好，要不要？
# This gave rise to such talk as, "Is the co-operative still good and worth preserving?
有些干部说，合作社没有什么优越性。
# The co-operatives, some say, are in no way superior.
有些部长到乡下去看了一下，回到北京后，放的空气不妙，说是农民无精打采，不积极耕种了，似乎合作社大有崩溃灭亡之势。
# Some government ministers made a brief visit to the countryside, and on their return to Peking they spread alarmist views, saying that the peasants were listless and not keen on farming, as if the co-operatives were on the verge of collapse and extinction.
有些合作社社长抬不起头来，到处挨骂，上面批评，报纸上也批评。
# Some co-operative directors cannot hold their heads up because they are being attacked right and left and have to endure criticisms from above and from the press.
有些党委的宣传部长不敢宣传合作社的优越性。
# Some heads of the propaganda departments of Party committees shy away from making propaganda about the superiority of the co-operatives.
农业部的部长廖鲁言，又是党中央农村工作部的副部长，据他讲，他自己泄了气，他下面的负责干部也泄了气，横直是不行了，农业发展纲要四十条也不算数了。
# Minister of Agriculture Liao Lu-yen, who is concurrently Deputy Director of the Rural Work Department of the Party Central Committee, says in effect that he himself feels discouraged and so do the responsible cadres under him, and that the co-operatives won't work anyway and the forty-article Programme for Agricultural Development is no longer valid.
现在报纸上的宣传转了一下，大讲合作社的优越性，专讲好话，不讲坏话，搞那么几个月，鼓一点气。
# The newspapers have now taken on a different tone in their propaganda, dwelling on the superiority of the co-operatives and speaking well rather than ill of them. # Keep this up for several months to generate a little courage.
§前年反右倾，去年反“冒进”，反“冒进”的结果又出了个右倾。
#§The year before last there was a struggle against a Right deviation, and last year a struggle against "rash advance", which resulted in another Right deviation.
我说的这个右倾，是指在社会主义革命问题上，主要是在农村社会主义改造问题上的右倾。
# By this I mean the Right deviation on the question of socialist revolution, primarily that of socialist transformation in the rural areas.
我们的干部中间刮起了这么一股风，象台风一样，特别值得注意。
# Particularly noteworthy is the fact that a gust of wind with the force of a typhoon has been blowing among our cadres.
我们的部长、副部长、司局长和省一级的干部中，相当一部分人，出身于地主、富农和富裕中农家庭，有些人的老太爷是地主，现在还没有选举权。
# A considerable number of our ministers, vice-ministers, heads of departments or bureaus as well as cadres at the provincial level are from landlord, rich peasant or well-to-do middle peasant families, and in some cases their fathers are landlords who to this day are deprived of the right to vote.