委员会在注意到代表团所作的解释之际，请缔约国设想调整涉及种族歧视的民事诉讼举证责任，从而在声称的受害者一旦确立了他或她为这种歧视行为受害者的表面成立案情时，即应由被告方提出反证和实行这种不同待遇的合理性解释。
The Committee, having taken note of the explanations provided by the delegation, invites the State party to envisage regulating the burden of proof in civil proceedings involving racial discrimination so that once an alleged victim has established a prima facie case that he or she has been a victim of such discrimination, it shall be for the respondent to provide evidence of an objective and reasonable justification for differential treatment.
36. 委员会关切地注意到，政府当局和土著人民及其他各方对1998年《土著人土地权法》修正是否符合《公约》的问题上长期意见分歧。
The Committee notes with concern the persistence of diverging perceptions between governmental authorities and indigenous peoples and others on the compatibility of the 1998 amendments to the Native Title Act with the Convention.
委员会重申其认为，Mabo案件和1993年《土著人土地权法》构成了对土著人权利承认的重大发展，但1998年的修正是在原先为土著人所提供保护方面的某些退缩，而且在不惜牺牲土著人的土地权的前提下，为政府和第三方提供了法律上的确定性。
The Committee reiterates its view that the Mabo case and the 1993 Native Title Act constituted a significant development in the recognition of indigenous peoples' rights, but that the 1998 amendments roll back some of the protections previously offered to indigenous peoples and provide legal certainty for Government and third parties at the expense of indigenous title.
为此，委员会强调，缔约国为实现现行利益各方之间的平衡而留有进退的余地，受《公约》所规定的义务的限制(第五条)。
The Committee stresses in this regard that the use by the State party of a margin of appreciation in order to strike a balance between existing interests is limited by its obligations under the Convention (art.
委员会建议，缔约国力行克制，不撤销对土著人权利的现行保障措施，而且缔约国应竭尽努力，在征得土著人民的知情同意之后，才下达有关土著人土地权的决定。
The Committee recommends that the State party refrain from adopting measures that withdraw existing guarantees of indigenous rights and that it make every effort to seek the informed consent of indigenous peoples before adopting decisions relating to their rights to land.
委员会进一步建议缔约国重新开展与土著人民的讨论，以期商讨对《土著人土地权法》可能的修订，并寻找出各方都能接受的解决办法。
It further recommends that the State party reopen discussions with indigenous peoples with a view to discussing possible amendments to the Native Title Act and finding solutions acceptable to all.
37. 委员会感到关注的是：据悉土著人必须拿出自从英国人获得了对澳大利亚的主权以来，一直未中断地恪守并承认土著人民的各项法律和习俗的证明，才可作为确立《土著人土地权法》规定的土著人土地所有权法律定义的佐证。
The Committee is concerned about information according to which proof of continuous observance and acknowledgement of the laws and customs of indigenous peoples since the British acquisition of sovereignty over Australia is required to establish elements in the statutory definition of native title under the Native Title Act.
据报告，这种高标准证明要求造成了许多土著人民与其传统土地的关系得不到承认的结果(第五条)。
The high standard of proof required is reported to have the consequence that many indigenous peoples are unable to obtain recognition of their relationship with their traditional lands (art.
委员会谨想得到有关这一问题的更多详情资料，包括由于这项高标准证明的规定，致使土地权遭拒绝的数目。
The Committee wishes to receive more information on this issue, including on the number of claims that have been rejected because of the requirement of this high standard of proof.
委员会建议，缔约国应铭记土著人民与其土地之间关系的性质，审查此类高标准证明的规定。
It recommends that the State party review the requirement of such a high standard of proof, bearing in mind the nature of the relationship of indigenous peoples to their land.
38. 委员会注意到，自1998年以来，已经就51项土著人土地权作了决定，而且其中37项已被确认存在着土著人土地权。
The Committee notes that 51 determinations of native title have been made since 1998 and that 37 of them have confirmed the existence of native title.
委员会还肯定了，1998年对《土著人土地权法》的修订规定了有关土著土地使用协议的条款以及1995年设立的土著人土地基金，以便为土地权得不到承认的澳大利亚土著人购买土地(第五条)。
It also acknowledges the provisions introduced by the 1998 amendments to the Native Title Act regarding indigenous land-use agreements, as well as the creation of the Indigenous Land Fund in 1995 to purchase land for indigenous Australians unable to benefit from recognition of native title (art. 5).
委员会谨想得到有关这一问题的更多详细资料，包括针对土著人的土地要求作出此类安排的幅度的统计数据。
The Committee wishes to receive more detailed information, including statistical data, on the extent to which such arrangements respond to indigenous claims over land.
同时也不妨提供有关在州和地区各级取得的成就的资料。
Information on achievements at State and Territory levels may also be provided.
39. 在注意到土著人在享有其经济、社会和文化权利方面得到的改善之际，委员会感到关切的是，土著人与其他人之间，尤其在就业、住房、健康、教育和收入等等方面仍存在着很大的差距(第五条)。
While noting the improvement in the enjoyment by the indigenous peoples of their economic, social and cultural rights, the Committee is concerned over the wide gap that still exists between the indigenous peoples and others, in particular in the areas of employment, housing, health, education and income (art.
委员会建议缔约国加强努力以期实现享有所有各项权利方面的平等，并拨出充分资源支助旨在消除这种差距的方案。
The Committee recommends that the State party intensify its efforts to achieve equality in the enjoyment of rights and allocate adequate resources to programmes aimed at the eradication of disparities.
委员会尤其建议，采取决定性的步骤，确保有足够的保健专业人员为土著人民提供服务；缔约国应制订一些基准以监测在土著人民处于劣境的一些关键领域所取得的进展。
It recommends in particular that decisive steps be taken to ensure that a sufficient number of health professionals provide services to indigenous peoples, and that the State party set up benchmarks for monitoring progress in key areas of indigenous disadvantage.
40. 委员会在注意到缔约国所作的解释之际，重申委员会对西澳大利亚州刑法中的强制性判决条款感到关注。
The Committee, having taken note of the explanations provided by the State party, reiterates its concern about provisions for mandatory sentencing in the Criminal Code of Western Australia.
委员会感到关注的是这些法律对土著群体造成了不相称影响的报告，并提醒缔约国《公约》禁止直接及间接的歧视(第五条)。
The Committee is concerned at reports of the disparate impact of this law on indigenous groups, and reminds the State party that the Convention prohibits direct as well as indirect discrimination (art.
委员会建议缔约国仿效北方地区的榜样，采取适当措施实现对这项法律的废除。
The Committee recommends that the State party take appropriate measures to achieve abrogation of such legislation, following the example of the Northern Territory.
委员会进一步强调，联邦政府应依据《公约》在这一方面发挥作用和承担责任。
The Committee further stresses the role and responsibility of the Federal Government in this regard under the Convention.
41. 对监狱中土著人人数过多，以及在羁押中死亡的土著人百分比过高，委员会深感关注。
The Committee remains concerned about the striking overrepresentation of indigenous peoples in prisons as well as the percentage of indigenous deaths in custody.
同时，据报告称，土著妇女构成了监狱里增长最迅速的人口(第五条)。
It has also been reported that indigenous women constitute the fastest-growing prison population (art.
委员会建议缔约国加强努力扭转这种状况。
The Committee recommends that the State party increase its efforts to remedy this situation.