在许多情况下，虽然说明了所采取的措施，但措施的执行状况却不明确。
In many cases, when the measures were identified, their status of implementation was not clear.
许多缔约方表示，措施的评估工作还在早期阶段，要拟出较详细的建议还需要与公共部门和私营部门的利害关系方磋商，而且需要制订适当的政策和法律措施。
Many Parties indicated that assessments of their measures are at an early stage and that the development of more detailed recommendations would require consultation with, and input from, stakeholders in the public and private sectors, as well as the development of appropriate policy and legal measures.
4. 除了详细通报各种措施以外，许多缔约方还通报了有关在《公约》第十二条第4款之下提交的项目建议的情况。
In addition to elaborating on the measures, many Parties provided information on their proposed projects submitted under Article 12, paragraph 4, of the Convention.
5. 一些缔约方(如：博茨瓦纳、埃塞俄比亚、尼加拉瓜、圣卢西亚、苏丹、突尼斯)报告了使用“常态情景”和一两种减排或螯合“情景”测算未来排放水平的方法。
Some Parties (e.g. Botswana, Ethiopia, Nicaragua, Saint Lucia, Sudan, Tunisia) reported on methods used to project the level of future emissions using business-as-usual and one or two abatement or sequestration scenarios.
对于能源部门，拟订各种“情景”的常用变量是人口增长率、需求以及国内总产值。
For the energy sector, the common variables used to develop scenarios were population growth, demand, and gross domestic product (GDP).
一些情况下，做了若干年份的排放量预测。
In some instances emission projections were made for various years.
不过，如第三章所提到的，许多缔约方将专家的判断和国家发展方案作为选择措施的依据。
However, as mentioned in chapter III, many Parties based their selection of measures on expert judgement and national development programmes.
6. 在评估和确定减少和螯合温室气体的措施和备选办法方面，一些缔约方运用了专家的判断，另一些缔约方则应用了计算机辅助工具。
In assessing and identifying the measures and options for abating and sequestering GHGs, some Parties used expert judgement, and others applied computer-aided tools.
展计划为依据进行评估。
In most cases when Parties used expert judgement, they based their assessments on the information in their GHG inventories, economic growth patterns and national sustainable development plans.
此外，缔约方还提到，它们会根据对各种备选办法的整体评价，联系生命周期评估和执行这类办法会产生的影响，选定自己的方针。
Furthermore, Parties mentioned that they would select approaches based on a holistic evaluation of the options, taking into account life cycle assessments and the impact of implementing these options.
7. 在能源部门，常用的分析工具包括“长期能源替代规划(LEAP)系统，能源与动力评价程序(ENPEP)，市场分配宏观经济(MARKAL)模型，服务、运输、工业与居民能源(STAIR)模型，能源技术优化(ETO)，欧洲南部能源需求模型(MEDEE-S)，能源流动和优化模型―― 环境(EFOM-ENV)，维也纳自动系统规划(WASP)程序包，以及温室气体定价测算模型(GACMO)。
In the energy sector, the common tools used for analysis included Long-range Energy Alternative Planning (LEAP) system, Energy and Power Evaluation Program (ENPEP), Market Allocation Macro-economic (MARKAL) model, Services, Transport, Industry, and Residential Energy (STAIR) model, energy technology optimization (ETO), Modèle de demande en energie pour l'Europe - Sud (MEDEE-S), Energy Flow and Optimization Model - Environment (EFOM-ENV), Wien Automatic System Planning (WASP) package, and the Greenhouse Gas Costing Model (GACMO).
8. 一些缔约方(如：阿根廷、玻利维亚、加纳、洪都拉斯、摩尔多瓦共和国、土库曼斯坦)介绍了废弃物部门措施评估的方法学问题。
Several Parties (e.g. Argentina, Bolivia, Ghana, Honduras, Republic of Moldova, Turkmenistan) described the methodological aspects of the assessment of measures in the waste sector.
在进行这种评估方面，一些缔约方使用的是线性回归法，另一些缔约方报告说，所使用的方法反映了政府间气候变化专门委员会(气专委)确定的源类别(“1995年气专委国家温室气体清单指南”，下称“《气专委指南》”)。
In cases when this assessment was done, some Parties used linear regression tools, and others reported the use of methodologies that reflected source categories of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 1995 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (hereinafter referred to as the IPCC Guidelines).
9. 总的来说，缔约方就土地利用变化和林业部门采用的方法提供的信息有限。
In general, Parties provided limited information on the methodologies used in the land-use change and forestry (LUCF) sector.
有些缔约方使用了缓解作用全面评估程序(COMAP)模型，另一些缔约方采用了成本效益分析方法。
A few Parties used the Comprehensive Mitigation Assessment Process (COMAP) model and others used cost-benefit analysis.
一些缔约方报告了在量化确定的措施的减排潜力方面的困难。
A number of Parties reported difficulties in quantifying the reduction potential of identified measures.
有些缔约方提供了使用植树造林、再造林、森林保护和林地开辟等办法估计会形成碳吸收的估计时间范围。
A few provided estimates of the time period over which the estimated carbon uptake would occur through afforestation, reforestation, forest protection and woodland creation.
10. 初次国家信息通报中报告的多数活动涉及能源、农业、土地利用的变化和林业及废弃物管理等部门。
The majority of activities that were reported in the initial national communications were in the energy, agriculture, LUCF, and waste management sectors.
11. 措施的选择受人口、经济、能源、工业、交通运输、农业及林业的主要国情的影响。
Overview of information National circumstances that influenced choice of measures Choice of measures was influenced by key national circumstances relating to population, the economy, energy, industry, transport, agriculture and forestry.
12. 缔约方认识到，人口分布状况对轿车或其他机动车辆拥有人数、私人住房拥有数以及能源需求等情况有重大影响，因此也就影响到运输和住房部门的排放 量。
It is recognized that population distribution patterns have important implications for, among other things, ownership of cars or other powered vehicles, occupancy of private houses and demand for energy, and therefore affect the emissions from transport and housing.
本次报告所涵盖的缔约方的合计人口超过45亿，各缔约方之间相差很大，其 中，纽埃人口不到3,000,而中国的人口约为12亿。
The total population of Parties covered in this report was over 4.5 billion.
It varied widely between Parties, from less than 3,000 in Niue to about 1.2 billion in China.
长率大多在每年平均1.5%左右，但一些国家的增长率更高。
The population growth in the past decade in most of the Parties was about 1.5 per cent annually on average, but was higher in a number of countries.
一些国家人口密 度很高。
In some countries the population density is quite high.
例如，印度2001年为324人/平方公里。
India, for example, reported a population density of 324 persons/km2 in 2001.