（d）领受奖学金和其他研究补助金的机会相同；
(d) The same opportunities to benefit from scholarships and other study grants;
（e）接受成人教育、包括成人识字和实用读写能力的教育的机会相同，特别是为了尽早缩短男女之间存在的教育水平上的一切差距；
(e) The same opportunities for access to programmes of continuing education, including adult and functional literacy programmes, particularly those aimed at reducing, at the earliest possible time, any gap in education existing between men and women;
（f）减少女生退学率，并为离校过早的少女和妇女安排各种方案；
(f) The reduction of female student drop-out rates and the organization of programmes for girls and women who have left school prematurely;
（g）积极参加运动和体育的机会相同；
(g) The same opportunities to participate actively in sports and physical education;
（h）有接受特殊知识辅导的机会，以有助于保障家庭健康和幸福，包括关于计划生育的知识和辅导在内。
(h) Access to specific educational information to help to ensure the health and well-being of families, including information and advice on family planning.”
尼日尔法律中体现了初等教育的必要性以及所有公民在享受教育方面的平等性。
National legislation provides that primary education shall be compulsory and guarantees equal access to educational services.
但是在实际生活中，由于社会文化因素的影响，某些父母和家庭在子女的教育问题上重男轻女，他们鼓励男孩子接受教育，而女孩子却享受不到这种权利。
However, owing to sociocultural factors, some parents may encourage the education of boys rather than girls.
根据1999年7月18日《宪法》第11条的规定：“所有人都能享受法律所规定的接受教育和学习知识的权利”。
Article 11 of the Constitution of 18 July 1999 provides that “everyone shall enjoy the right to education in accordance with the terms laid down by law”.
由于男女地位不平等的旧观念和劳动中的性别分工的影响，妇女们并不能完全享受到法律规定的接受教育的权利。
Women and girls do not always exercise their right to education, due to stereotyped concepts of the roles of men and women and the division of labour.
事实上，女孩的入学率（20.63%）与男孩的入学率（36.21%）存在着比例失调的问题，而妇女的文盲率因此更高（92%）。
In fact, the school enrolment rate is 20.63 per cent for girls and 36.21 per cent for boys.
The female illiteracy rate is a staggering 92 per cent.
8.1. 在各种教育机构、专业和职业辅导、取得学习的机会和文凭的条件
8.1 Conditions for career and vocational guidance, for access to studies and for the achievement of diplomas in educational establishments of all categories
尼日尔教育体制的一个主要特点就是随着理科教育水平的提高和体能消耗的增长，女孩子的代表性逐渐减弱。
One of the characteristics of the educational system in the Niger is that, the higher the level of education, the lower the female enrolment.
This trend is even more pronounced in science studies.
在法律或条例规定方面，1998年6月1日第98-12号法律阐明了教育制度方针，即形式教育是获得教育和职业培训的一个重要方式。
With respect to national laws and regulations, Act No. 98-12 of 1 June 1998 on the educational system stipulates that formal education constitutes a method of acquiring education and vocational training in a formal setting.
该法律使孩子享有受教育的权利，并规定国家必须举办免费初等义务教育。
The Act guarantees the right of the child to education and the obligation of the State to make primary education compulsory and free.
因此，发展教育是国家的一项优先举措。
The State has adopted an educational policy to assess the system and develop the necessary strategies.
8.1.1. 学前教育
8.1.1 Preschool education
学前教育不受任何建制文件的支配，只在某些城市的中心实行。
Preschool education is not regulated by organic law and exists only in certain urban centres.
学前教育机构是惟一一个入门收费的国营部门。
Preschool is the only level of education for which fees are charged.
表4：学前教育情况
Table 4 The status of preschool education
资料来源：国民教育部/1998-1999年《学校统计年鉴》。
Source: Ministry of National Education/Educational Statistics Yearbook 1998-1999.
表5：（学前教育）学生人数的变化
Table 5 Number of children attending preschool
从表上看，1994-1998年间学校中的学生人数呈增长趋势，在校女学生的人数也在增加。
The statistics show that preschool attendance rose between 1994 and 1998, including among girls.
但是1998-1999年，学生人数却略有下降。
However, the numbers dropped slightly in 1998-1999.
8.1.2. 初等教育
8.1.2 Primary education