（半导体）
(Semiconductor)
通过美国环境署立法程序在线摘要可获得美国关于这些化学品的条例以及该工业的答复的资料。
Access to information on the U.S. regulation of these chemicals and the industry response is available through the online dockets for the U.S.
EPA rulemaking proceedings.
关于这些程序和摘要的资料可从环保局的网站上获得： http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/pfoa/pubs/related.htm。
Information on those proceedings and dockets is available on the EPA website at http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/pfoa/pubs/related.htm .
可公开从环保局摘要办公室维护的非规范性数据库中的AR-226号行政记录中获得更多关于全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟化合物的资料。
Additional material on PFOS and related perfluorinated compounds is publicly available in a non-regulatory data repository maintained by the EPA Docket Office as Administrative Record AR-226.
AR-226号行政记录不能在线获得，但可通过向电子信箱 oppt.ncic@epa.gov发送电子邮件的方式要求获得该文件的索引，AR-226所记录的文件均载于光盘（美国，2007年）。
AR-226 is not available online, but an index to the documents can be requested by email from oppt.ncic@epa.gov, and documents in AR-226 are available on CD-ROM (USA, 2007).
目前还没有与今后获得资料和公共教育相关需求有关的具体资料。
Specific information on future needs relating to access to information and public education is not available at this time
2.5.2 管制和监测能力的现状
2.5.2 Status of control and monitoring capacity
全世界的半导体工业协会将每2年收集和公布一次汇编工业资料，以供各成员公司坦率地交流各自的进展，包括：
The worldwide semi-conductor industry associations will collect and make available aggregated industry information every 2 years to provide a transparent communication of member company progress, including:
a）全氟辛烷磺酸废水处理评价结果，包括任何废水测量数据；
a) the results of PFOS wastewater treatment evaluations including any wastewater measurement data;
b）对当前相关研发活动的描述和任何结论，包括与设备和化学品供应商协作的成果；
b) a description of the current relevant research and development activities and any conclusions including the results of collaboration with equipment and chemical suppliers;
c）已知用于半导体制造和加工的关键和非关键用途的工业淘汰时间表；以及
c) industry phase-out schedules that are known for critical and non-critical uses in semiconductor manufacturing and processing; and
d）全氟辛烷磺酸质量平衡模式的成果（SIA，2007年）。
d) the results of the PFOS mass balance model (SIA, 2007).
信息综述
Synthesis of information
3.1 风险简介资料摘要
3.1 Summary of risk profile information
全氟辛烷磺酸是完全氟化的阴离子，以盐的形式广泛用于某些用途或并入较大的聚合物。
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a fully fluorinated anion, which is commonly used as a salt in some applications or incorporated into larger polymers.
由于具有表面活性特征，全氟辛烷磺酸历来就被用于多种用途，尤其是包括灭火器泡沫和表面活性剂/防油、防水、防脂或防污剂。
Due to its surface-active properties, it has historically been used in a wide variety of applications, typically including fire fighting foams and surface resistance/repellency to oil, water, grease or soil.
全氟辛烷磺酸可通过多种相关物质，即通常所指的全氟辛烷磺酸相关物质（其定义见第1.1.2节）降解形成。
PFOS can be formed by degradation from a large group of related substances, referred to as PFOS-related substances (see definition in section 1.1.2).
全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛烷磺酸相关物质均可在工业制造、使用和消费应用过程中释放进入环境，还可因处置化学品或含有这些物质的废旧产品或物品而进入环境。
PFOS and PFOS-related substances can be released to the environment during their manufacture, use in industrial and consumer applications, and from disposal of the chemicals or of products or articles containing them after their use.
在很大程度上，并不清楚相关化学品形成全氟辛烷磺酸的比例和程度，而且各种物质之间可能也不尽相同。
The rate and the extent of the formation of PFOS from its related chemicals are largely unknown and may differ between individual substances.
由于缺乏数据，因此很难估计各种全氟辛烷磺酸相关物质发生转变会对全氟辛烷磺酸的环境负荷带来多大的净影响。
Lack of data makes it very difficult to estimate the net contribution of the transformation of each of the PFOS-related substances to the environmental loadings of PFOS.
不过，由于极其稳定，因此预计全氟辛烷磺酸有可能是所有的全氟辛烷磺酸相关物质最终的降解产品。
However, based on its extreme stability, it is expected that PFOS is likely to be the final degradation product of all PFOS-related substances.
全氟辛烷磺酸具有很强的持久性，在任何水解、光解和生物降解环境条件下进行测试都没有出现降解情况。
PFOS is extremely persistent.
It has not shown any degradation in tests of hydrolysis, photolysis or biodegradation in any environmental condition tested.
目前仅知的全氟辛烷磺酸发生降解的情况是在一定条件下进行高温焚化。
The only known condition whereby PFOS is degraded is through high temperature incineration under controlled conditions.
关于生物蓄积潜力，考虑到在顶层肉食动物如北极熊、海豹、白头海雕和水貂体内发现了高浓度全氟辛烷磺酸，因此全氟辛烷磺酸符合附件D的标准。
With regard to bioaccumulation potential, PFOS meets the Annex D criteria given the highly elevated concentrations that have been found in top predators such as the polar bear, seal, bald eagle and mink.