21. 儿童基金会的国家存在。
UNICEF country presence.
中期审查建议儿童基金会与经济规划处合作，共同制定2008-2010年国家方案，前提是儿童基金会以联合国的一个法律实体形式继续在马来西亚存在，并具有相应的政府间合作地位。
The MTR recommended that UNICEF, in collaboration with EPU, develop the country programme for 2008-2010 under the premise that UNICEF continue its presence in Malaysia in the form of a United Nations legal entity, bringing corresponding intergovernmental status to the cooperation.
这将确保目前的这个独立结构得以继续，并确保各项国家方案的有效执行。
This would ensure a continuum of the current independent structure and ensure effective implementation of country programmes.
与国家委员会或传统的儿童基金会国家办事处相比，这个实体能够以儿童基金会总部、马来西亚政府以及马来西亚民间社会为依托，并对它们负责。
In contrast to a National Committee or a traditional UNICEF country office, this entity would thus depend on and be responsible to UNICEF headquarters, the Government of Malaysia and civil society in Malaysia.
22. 可能的供资形式。
Potential funding modality.
中期审查建议2008-2010年国家方案使用的三方供资模式，并建议：(a) 经济规划处在编写共同供资和筹资模式的文件方面起带头作用，该文件将在2007年初提交内阁；(b) 主要部委要及时为该内阁文件提出意见；(c) 司法部长办公室要就马来西亚筹资条款提出咨询意见；(d) 应该鼓励私营部门为儿童基金会提供支助；和(e) 非政府组织要承诺在今后的合作中提供支助。
The MTR recommended that a tripartite funding model be applied to the 2008-2010 country programme and that: (a) EPU would take the lead in preparing a paper suggesting a co-funding and fund-raising model, for presentation to the Cabinet in early 2007; (b) key Ministries would provide timely comments on the Cabinet paper; (c) the Attorney General's Chamber would provide assistance in advising on provisions for fund-raising in Malaysia; (d) the private sector should be encouraged to support UNICEF; and (e) NGOs would pledge their support in future collaboration.
23. 2008-2010年的供资包括以下设想：(a) 儿童基金会将通过儿童基金会的支助预算为其驻留马来西亚提供资金；(b) 儿童基金会将经常资源用以部分支付方案的各项费用，直到2010年为止；(c) 儿童基金会将提供一些种子基金以提高马来西亚私营部门的筹资能力，条件是允许儿童基金会筹集资金；(d) 鉴于马来西亚社会经济发展水平较高且仍在不断提高，预计越来越难从国外捐助者那里获得其他资源；和(e) 马来西亚政府将在2008-2010年间按照每年500 000美元的配套指标额度为方案资金缴款。
Funding for 2008-2010 would include the following assumptions: (a) UNICEF will finance its presence in Malaysia through the UNICEF support budget; (b) UNICEF will provide regular resources to partially cover programme costs until 2010; (c) UNICEF will provide some seed funds to explore the fund-raising capacity of the private sector in Malaysia, under the assumption that UNICEF will be allowed to fund-raise; (d) given the high and increasing level of socio-economic development in Malaysia, it is expected to become increasingly more difficult to leverage other resources from out-of-country donors; and (e) the Government of Malaysia will contribute with programme funds matching an indicative level of $500,000 per year during the 2008-2010 period.
24. 2011-2020年间的供资将根据马来西亚“2020年远景”的2020年结束日期和马来西亚第十个及第十一个“五年计划”情况进行调整，并且包括以下设想：(a) 儿童基金会将通过儿童基金会的支助预算为其驻留马来西亚提供资金，直到2020年为止；(b) 儿童基金会将审查提供经常资源的可能性；(c) 儿童基金会不再能够直接吸引国外捐助者提供的其他资源；(d) 儿童基金会能够在马来西亚筹集资金，用这些资金部分支付方案的各种费用，并且随着筹资能力的提高，资金也将用于“出口”；和(e) 马来西亚政府将按照配套的指标额度为方案资金缴款。
Funding for the period of 2011-2020 is aligned both to the 2020 end date of Malaysia's “Vision 2020” and to the five-year cycles of the tenth and eleventh Malaysia Plans, and includes the following assumptions: (a) UNICEF will finance its presence in Malaysia through the UNICEF support budget until 2020; (b) UNICEF will review the possibility of providing regular resources; (c) UNICEF will no longer be able to directly attract other resources from out-of-country donors; (d) UNICEF will be able to fund-raise in Malaysia, with such funds used to partially cover programme costs, and as fund-raising capacity increases, funds will also be “exported”; and (e) the Government of Malaysia will contribute with programme funds matching an indicative level.
25. 中期审查建议，经济规划处于2007年初就拟议的伙伴关系模式向内阁提出建议，并向内阁提交情况分析供其审批，建议向儿童基金会执行局2007年6月的年会提交2008-2010年国家方案文件草案以供其审议。
The MTR recommended that EPU table the suggested partnership model to the Cabinet in early 2007 and hand over the Situation Analysis to the Cabinet for endorsement, and that a draft CPD for 2008-2010 be submitted for consideration at the June 2007 annual meeting of the UNICEF Executive Board.
主要国家方案评价
Major country evaluations
对提高中国高危地区家庭碘化盐消费的综合干预方案的审查
Review of the comprehensive intervention programme on increasing iodized salt consumption at household level in high-risk areas in China
评价/研究的理由
Reasons for the evaluation/study
26. 众所周知，碘缺乏是健康水平低下的一种原因，可能导致怀孕效果不佳，胎儿和婴儿发育不良。
Iodine deficiency is well known as a cause of poor health that can lead to poor outcomes in pregnancy and in foetal and infant development.
中华人民共和国政府在1991年承诺要在2000年前实现消除缺碘性失调症(缺碘症)的目标，将普及碘化盐作为一项主要战略。
In 1991, the Government of the People's Republic of China promised to achieve the goal of elimination of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) by the year 2000, with universal salt iodization as the main strategy.
2000年的一项评估结果表明，中国在全国范围基本上实现了消除缺碘症目标，但这一成绩在23个省中分配并不均衡，7个省的碘化盐覆盖率较低，另外7个省虽然接近这一目标，但碘化盐消费方面仍有一些问题有待解决。
In 2000, an evaluation showed that China had basically achieved IDD elimination nationally but that progress was not balanced among the 23 provinces, as 7 provinces had low iodized salt coverage, and 7 other provinces were close to the goal but had some issues to resolve regarding consumption of iodized salt.
27. 为了应对这种局势，中国从2000年起开始执行一项综合干预项目(主要是开展一场统一的卫生宣传活动，包括社会动员、多部门参与、建设有利环境及卫生教育)，这是中国卫生部与儿童基金会的一个合作项目，目的是增加高危地区家庭的碘化盐消费量。
In order to address this situation, a comprehensive intervention project (mainly an integrated health promotion campaign including social mobilization, multi-sector participation, the building up of a supportive environment, and health education) has been implemented since 2000 as a cooperative project between China's Ministry of Health and UNICEF, in order to increase iodized salt consumption at household levels in the high-risk areas.
为了使这个项目取得成功，该项目不仅动员本地人口，还努力得到地方领导的注意和支持。
In addition to mobilizing the local population, the project attempted to secure the attention and support of local leaders to better enable its success.
28. 在五年的执行期里，该项目取得了重大成就，地方政府、多个部门以及参与项目的人们所做的努力给人留下了深刻的印象。
During its five-year implementation, the project showed significant achievements, and the efforts of local governments, multiple sectors and the people involved were impressive.
审查的目的是：(a) 了解该项目如何增加本地社区碘化盐消费量以及了解该项目的效率、可持续性和各种限制因素；和(b) 为中国今后消除缺碘症的工作方向提出建议。
A review was undertaken aiming to: (a) provide an understanding of how the project had increased the consumption of iodized salt in local communities and of the project's effectiveness, sustainability and limitations; and (b) recommend future directions for IDD elimination in China.
设计和方法摘要
Summary of design and methodology
29. 为了对各种战略、主要成就和结果以及现有的制约因素进行审查和分析，本次研究不光使用了二手数据分析，而且还进行了实地调查。
The research used both analysis of secondary data and field investigation to review and analyse the strategies, key achievements and results and existing constraints.
经过审查的二手数据包括：(a) 高危省份的背景和概况；(b) 这些省份中的各个县市在成功实施这一项目期间遇到的主要阻碍；(c) 为克服各种障碍采取的战略和行动；和(d) 主要结果及其他的制约因素。
Secondary data reviewed included: (a) the background and profile of the high-risk provinces; (b) the major obstacles to success encountered in counties of these provinces; (c) the strategies and actions taken to overcome obstacles; and (d) the key results and remaining constraints.
二手数据的主要来源包括需求评估；基线调查；以及在项目执行期间开展的各种评估。
The key sources of these secondary data were the needs assessment; the baseline survey; and the evaluations undertaken during the project period.
其他来源包括项目年度报告以及由国家培训和技术支助队开展并记录在案的实地监督考察数据。
Other sources were annual project reports and data from field supervision trips conducted and documented by the National Training and Technical Support Team.