(a) 危难情况是由援引这种情况的国家的行为单独导致或与其他因素一并导致；或
(a) The situation of distress is due, either alone or in combination with other factors, to the conduct of the State invoking it; or
(b) 有关行为可能造成类似的或更大的灾难。
(b) The act in question is likely to create a comparable or greater peril.
危急情况
Article 25 Necessity
1. 一国不得援引危急情况作为理由解除不符合该国所承担的某项国际义务的行为的不法性，除非：
Necessity may not be invoked by a State as a ground for precluding the wrongfulness of an act not in conformity with an international obligation of that State unless the act:
(a) 该行为是该国保护基本利益、对抗某项严重迫切危险的唯一办法；而且
(a) Is the only way for the State to safeguard an essential interest against a grave and imminent peril; and
(b) 该行为并不严重损害作为所负义务对象的一国或数国的基本利益或整个国际社会的基本利益。
(b) Does not seriously impair an essential interest of the State or States towards which the obligation exists, or of the international community as a whole.
2. 一国绝不得在以下情况下援引危急情况作为解除其行为不法性的理由：
In any case, necessity may not be invoked by a State as a ground for precluding wrongfulness if:
(a) 有关国际义务排除援引危急情况的可能性；或
(a) The international obligation in question excludes the possibility of invoking necessity; or
(b) 该国促成了该危急情况。
(b) The State has contributed to the situation of necessity.
对强制性规范的遵守
Article 26 Compliance with peremptory norms
违反一般国际法某一强制性规范规定的义务的一国，不得以本章中的任何规定作为解除其任何行为之不法性的理由。
Nothing in this chapter precludes the wrongfulness of any act of a State which is not in conformity with an obligation arising under a peremptory norm of general international law.
援引解除行为不法性的情况的后果
Article 27 Consequences of invoking a circumstance precluding wrongfulness
根据本章援引解除行为不法性的情况不妨碍：
The invocation of a circumstance precluding wrongfulness in accordance with this chapter is without prejudice to:
(a) 在并且只在解除行为不法性的情况不再存在时遵守该项义务；
(a) Compliance with the obligation in question, if and to the extent that the circumstance precluding wrongfulness no longer exists;
(b) 对该行为所造成的任何实质损失的补偿问题。
(b) The question of compensation for any material loss caused by the act in question.
一国国际责任的内容
Part Two Content of the international responsibility of a State
第一章 一般原则
Chapter I General principles
国际不法行为的法律后果
Article 28 Legal consequences of an internationally wrongful act
一国依照第一部分的规定对一国际不法行为承担的国际责任，产生本部分所列的法律后果。
The international responsibility of a State which is entailed by an internationally wrongful act in accordance with the provisions of part one involves legal consequences as set out in this part.
继续履行的责任
Article 29 Continued duty of performance
本部分所规定的一国际不法行为的法律后果不影响责任国继续履行所违背义务的责任。
The legal consequences of an internationally wrongful act under this part do not affect the continued duty of the responsible State to perform the obligation breached.
停止和不重复
Article 30 Cessation and non-repetition
国际不法行为的责任国有义务：
The State responsible for the internationally wrongful act is under an obligation:
(a) 在该行为持续时，停止该行为；
(a) To cease that act, if it is continuing;