经济长期处于停滞状态总不能叫社会主义。
If the economy remains stagnant
人民生活长期停止在很低的水平总不能叫社会主义。
and the people's living standards remain at a very low level for a long period of time, we cannot say that we are building socialism.
（一九八○年四月十二日会见赞比亚总统卡翁达时的谈话）
(Talk with Kenneth David Kaunda, President of the Republic of Zambia, April 12, 1980)
现在我们正在总结建国三十年的经验。
At this time, we are reviewing the experience gained in the past three decades since the founding of the People's Republic.
总起来说，第一，不要离开现实和超越阶段采取一些“左”的办法，这样是搞不成社会主义的。
To sum up, it is as follows.
First, we should not adopt “Leftist” policies by divorcing ourselves from reality or skipping over necessary stages.
Otherwise, the task of building socialism will not be accomplished.
第二，不管你搞什么，一定要有利于发展生产力。
Second, whatever we do must contribute to developing the productive forces.
只有在发展生产力的基础上才能随之逐步增加人民的收入。
Unless we develop the productive forces, we cannot gradually increase people's incomes.
我们在这一方面吃的亏太大了，特别是文化大革命这十年。
We have suffered a great deal in this respect, especially during the ten years of the “cultural revolution”.
（一九八○年四月二十一日会见阿尔及利亚民族解放阵线代表团时的谈话）
(Talk with the delegation from the Party of the National Liberation Front of the Democratic People's Republic of Algeria, April 21, 1980)
我们认为社会主义道路是正确的。
We believe the socialist road is the correct one.
我们现在进行一系列改革，仍然坚持四项基本原则，其中有一条就是坚持社会主义道路。
While carrying out reforms, we still adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles, one of which is to keep to the socialist road.
像中国这样的大国，也要考虑到国内各个不同地区的特点才行。
As for a big country such as ours, we must give due consideration to the specific conditions in each area.
例如我们遇到了这样一个问题，有些地区过去粮食能够自给，后来却不行了。
For instance, we encountered the problem that some areas which were self-sufficient in grain had become grain-deficient.
当然，城市人口增加是一个因素，但不是主要的，主要是脱离了当地的客观经济现实，超越了经济发展水平，没有按经济规律办事。
Of course, the growth of the urban population is one of the reasons for this change, but it is a minor one.
The main reason lies in the fact that these areas proceeded without giving due consideration to the actual state of economic development, and that they did not act in accordance with the laws governing economic development.
这样制订出来的政策就不能调动积极性。
Policies formulated on this basis cannot arouse the people's initiative.
最近一二年来，我们强调因地制宜，在农村加强了生产组的与家庭的生产责任制，取得明显效果，生产成倍增加。
In the past one or two years, we have emphasized that measures should be suited to local conditions and in rural areas we have improved the system of responsibility by which the fixing of output quotas is based on individual households and production teams.
Consequently, conspicuous results have been achieved and output has doubled.
在搞社会主义方面，毛泽东主席的最大功劳是将马克思列宁主义的普遍真理同中国革命的具体实践结合起来。
The greatest contribution Chairman Mao Zedong made in building socialism was his integration of the universal truth of Marxism with the concrete practice of the Chinese revolution.
我们最成功的是社会主义改造。
We were particularly successful in carrying out the socialist transformation.
那时，在改造农业方面我们提倡建立互助组和小型合作社，规模比较小，分配也合理，所以粮食生产得到增长，农民积极性高。
At the time, in our effort to transform agriculture, we advocated establishing mutual aid teams and small cooperatives.
Since they were small and distribution among the peasants was equitable, the output of grain increased and peasants' enthusiasm for production was enhanced.
对资本主义工商业，我们采取赎买政策，一方面把它们改造成公有制，另一方面也没有损害国民经济的发展。
In order to transform capitalist industry and commerce, we adopted the policy of redemption.
While changing private ownership into public ownership, the development of the national economy was not affected.
我们长期允许手工业的个体经济存在，根据自愿的原则，其中大部分组织成合作社，实行集体所有制。
We have allowed individual handicrafts to exist for a long time now, and organized most of the handicraftsmen into collectively owned cooperatives according to the principle of voluntary participation.
由于我们是根据中国自己的特点采用这些方式的，所以几乎没有发生曲折，生产没有下降还不断上升，没有失业，社会产品是丰富的。
Because we did all this in light of the country's specific conditions, we suffered almost no setbacks.
Production kept on increasing, no unemployment resulted, and there were ample products.
后来，在一九五八年，我们犯了错误，搞大跃进，开始不尊重经济规律了，这就使生产下降了。
But in 1958 we made a mistake by initiating the Great Leap Forward76.
We neglected the laws governing economic development and consequently production dropped.
以后经过三年的调整，发生了变化，又较好地发展起来。
Thanks to the three years of readjustment of the economy, the national economy resumed a fairly smooth development.