我们改革的内容为什么那么广泛深刻呢？
Why?
Because we have learned from the ``cultural revolution'' [1966-1976].
因为我们有“文化大革命”的教训。
Why?
Because we have learned from the ``cultural revolution'' [1966-1976].
“文化大革命”耽误了十年。
The ten-year ``cultural revolution'',
如果加上从一九五七年开始的“左”的错误所耽误的时间，总的算起来应该是二十年。
together with the period dominated by ``Left'' errors, which began in 1957, caused us to waste twenty years.
从一九四九年建国开始，一直到一九五七年，我国的发展形势是非常好的，但往后就出问题了。
The period from 1949, when the People's Republic of China was founded, to 1957 was one of rapid development, but after that problems arose.
在这二十年中我们并不是什么好事都没有做，我们做了许多工作，也取得了一些重大成就，比如搞出了原子弹、氢弹、导弹等。
I don't mean that in those 20 years we did nothing good; we did a lot of work and scored some major achievements, such as the development of the atomic bomb, the hydrogen bomb and ballistic missiles.
但就整个政治局面来说，是一个混乱状态；就整个经济情况来说，实际上是处于缓慢发展和停滞状态。
However, the overall political situation was chaotic, and the economy either grew slowly or stagnated.
粉碎“四人帮”以后，由于“两个凡是”的指导思想的影响，还经历了两年徘徊时间。
Even after the Gang of Four was crushed, we remained for two years at a standstill under the wrong ideological guideline of the ``two whatevers''.
一九七八年我们党的十一届三中全会才制定了一系列新的正确的路线、方针和政策，根本内容就是建设具有中国特色的社会主义。
It was not until 1978, when the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh CPC Central Committee was held, that a new and correct line was formulated, together with new and correct principles and policies.
These can be summed up as the decision to build socialism suited to conditions in China.
坚持社会主义的发展方向，就要肯定社会主义的根本任务是发展生产力，逐步摆脱贫穷，使国家富强起来，使人民生活得到改善。
And if we are to build socialism, our fundamental task must be to develop the productive forces, shake off poverty, build a strong, prosperous country and improve the living conditions of the people.
没有贫穷的社会主义。
There is no such thing as poor socialism.
社会主义的特点不是穷，而是富，但这种富是人民共同富裕。
Socialism is characterized not by poverty but by prosperity -- the common prosperity of all.
要发展生产力，就要实行改革和开放的政策。
To expand the productive forces we must carry out reform and open to the outside world;
不改革不行，不开放不行。
there is no other way.
我们实行改革开放政策，大家意见都是一致的，这一点要归“功”于十年“文化大革命”，这个灾难的教训太深刻了。
It is unanimously agreed that we should pursue the policies of reform and opening up, and this unanimity is attributable to the ten-year disaster -- the ``cultural revolution'' -- the lessons of which are unforgettable.
当然，在改革中也有不同意见，但这里的问题不是要不要改革，而是改革到什么程度，如何改革，如何开放。
Of course, different opinions arise in the process of reform; but the differences are not over whether we should carry it out but over how far it should go, how it should be conducted and how we should go about opening to the outside.
这是很自然的，没有什么好奇怪的。
This is only natural, and there is nothing strange about it.
我们中国常说一句话，叫做“实践是检验真理的唯一标准”。
There is a common saying in China that practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.
经过十年来的实践检验，证明我们党的十一届三中全会以来制定的一系列路线、方针、政策是正确的，我们实行改革开放是正确的。
Our practice over the last ten years has proved that the line, principles and policies adopted by the Party since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee are correct and that we are right to carry out the reform and opening up.
我们现在不是要收，而是要进一步改革，进一步开放。
We shall not slow them down but accelerate them.
思想要更加解放一些，改革开放的步伐要走得更快一些。
We must continue to emancipate our minds and speed up the reform and the opening process.
改革开放要贯穿中国整个发展过程，不是三年、五年、十年、八年，也不是二十年，因为需要做的事情太多了。
These two tasks will continue throughout the course of China's development.
They will not be completed in three, five, eight, ten or even twenty years -- there is too much to be done.
改革开放必须从各国自己的条件出发。
The reform and opening must be carried out in the light of the particular conditions in each country,
每个国家的基础不同，历史不同，所处的环境不同，左邻右舍不同，还有其他许多不同。
because countries differ from one another in many respects, such as their economic base, history, environment and neighbours.