十二大以后，我国政治形势更加稳定，可以更好地一心一意搞建设了。
Thanks to that congress, the political situation in our country will be more stable than ever before.This will make it possible for us to concentrate all the more on economic development.
十二大提出的奋斗目标，是二十年翻两番。
The objective set at the Twelfth National Congress is to quadruple the gross annual value of industrial and agricultural output in 20 years,
二十年是从一九八一年算起，到本世纪末。
starting from 1981, that is, by the end of the century.
大体上分两步走，前十年打好基础，后十年高速发展。
We shall achieve this objective in two stages.
In the first ten years, we shall lay a solid foundation and in the second, develop at high speed.
搞好教育和科学工作，我看这是关键。
I think the third priority is crucial.
没有人才不行，没有知识不行，“文化大革命”的一个大错误是耽误了十年人才的培养。
We cannot succeed without skilled personnel and knowledge.A grave mistake of the ``cultural revolution'' was that for ten years it made it impossible to train people.
十二大对过去犯了错误的同志做了比较审慎的处理。
At the Twelfth National Congress comrades who had made mistakes were handled with circumspection.
粉碎“四人帮”后，当时主持中央工作的同志坚持“左”的政治路线，又提出了错误的思想路线，叫做两个凡是”。
After the downfall of the Gang of Four, the comrade in charge of the work of the Central Committee at the time clung to a ``Left'' political line and put forward a wrong ideological line known as the ``two whatevers''.
如果按照“两个凡是”，我就不能出来工作，更不用谈别的问题了。
For one thing, if the ``two whatevers'' had been followed, I would never have come back to work.
我是在粉碎“四人帮”之后九个月，即一九七七年七月才出来工作的，到那时我才能参加中央的会议。
I came back in July 1977, nine months after the Gang of Four had been smashed.
It was then that I was allowed to attend the meetings of the Central Committee.
我出来以后，提出毛泽东思想的精髓是实事求是，从此开始了实践是检验真理的唯一标准问题的讨论。
After my return, I put forward the idea that the essence of Mao Zedong Thought was seeking truth from facts, and that gave rise to a debate about whether practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.
当时有一些人抵制这个讨论。
At the time, some people opposed the debate.
以后我从你们那里访问回来，在东北三省沿途又讲这个思想路线问题。
Later, when I was on my way back from a visit to your country, I made similar speeches in the three provinces of Northeast China [Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning].
经过差不多一年的讨论，到一九七八年底我们召开了十一届三中全会，批评了“两个凡是”，提出了“解放思想，开动脑筋”的口号，提倡理论联系实际，一切从实际出发，肯定了实践是检验真理的唯一标准，重新确立了实事求是的思想路线。
After about one year of debate, at the end of 1978 we convened the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee.
At that session we criticized the idea of the ``two whatevers'' and put forward instead the slogan ``We must emancipate our minds and use our heads.”We declared that we had to integrate theory with practice and proceed from reality in everything we did, affirmed that practice was the sole criterion for judging truth and reestablished the ideological line of seeking truth from facts.
只有解决好思想路线问题，才能提出新的正确政策，首先是工作重点的转移，还有农村政策、对外关系政策，以及相应的一整套建设社会主义的政策。
It was after we resolved the question of the ideological line that we were able to formulate correct new policies.These include, above all, the policy of shifting the focus of our work to economic development, but also rural policies, policies on foreign relations and a complete set of policies on building socialism.
我在东北三省到处说，要一心一意搞建设。
Wherever I went in the three northeastern provinces, I stressed the need to concentrate on economic development.
国家这么大，这么穷，不努力发展生产，日子怎么过？
In a country as big and as poor as ours, if we don't try to increase production, how can we survive?How is socialism superior, when our people have so many difficulties in their lives?
The Gang of Four clamoured for ``poor socialism'' and ``poor communism'', declaring that communism was mainly a spiritual thing.
That is sheer nonsense!
我们人民的生活如此困难，怎么体现出社会主义的优越性？
In a country as big and as poor as ours, if we don't try to increase production, how can we survive?How is socialism superior, when our people have so many difficulties in their lives?
The Gang of Four clamoured for ``poor socialism'' and ``poor communism'', declaring that communism was mainly a spiritual thing.
That is sheer nonsense!
“四人帮”叫嚷要搞“穷社会主义”、“穷共产主义”，胡说共产主义主要是精神方面的，简直是荒谬之极！
In a country as big and as poor as ours, if we don't try to increase production, how can we survive?How is socialism superior, when our people have so many difficulties in their lives?
The Gang of Four clamoured for ``poor socialism'' and ``poor communism'', declaring that communism was mainly a spiritual thing.
That is sheer nonsense!
我们说，社会主义是共产主义的第一阶段。
We say that socialism is the first stage of communism.
落后国家建设社会主义，在开始的一段很长时间内生产力水平不如发达的资本主义国家，不可能完全消灭贫穷。
When a backward country is trying to build socialism, it is natural that during the long initial period its productive forces will not be up to the level of those in developed capitalist countries and that it will not be able to eliminate poverty completely.
所以，社会主义必须大力发展生产力，逐步消灭贫穷，不断提高人民的生活水平。
Accordingly, in building socialism we must do all we can to develop the productive forces and gradually eliminate poverty, constantly raising the people's living standards.
否则，社会主义怎么能战胜资本主义？
Otherwise, how will socialism be able to triumph over capitalism?
In the second stage, or the advanced stage of communism, when the economy is highly developed and there is overwhelming material abundance, we shall be able to apply the principle of from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs.
到了第二阶段，即共产主义高级阶段，经济高度发展了，物资极大丰富了，才能做到各尽所能，按需分配。
Otherwise, how will socialism be able to triumph over capitalism?
In the second stage, or the advanced stage of communism, when the economy is highly developed and there is overwhelming material abundance, we shall be able to apply the principle of from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs.