这次西南局召开城市工作会议，其目的在于使我们的领导机关在今后以更多的注意力，加强对于城市工作的领导，同时着重解决城市工作最中心的而又是今天最薄弱的工厂管理、工会工作和在工人阶级中建党这些重大的问题。
The objective of the current meeting on urban work convened by the Southwest Bureau is to call on our leading bodies to pay more attention to strengthening leadership over urban work for the future and solving such major problems as factory management, work in trade unions and Party building among the ranks of the working class, which are the crucial and weakest aspects of urban work.
对于这些问题，段君毅、蔡树藩、张霖之、于江震四同志分别作了报告，我完全同意这些报告的内容。
Comrade Dun Junyi, Cai Shufan, Zhang Linzhi and Yu Jiangzhen have made reports respectively on those problems.
I fully agree with them.
我要讲一下城市工作中的一般性的问题。
I should like to talk about the general problems in urban work.
一、城市工作的情况。
I.
THE SITUATION IN URBAN WORK
西南一年的工作，是有成绩的。
Over the past year we have scored success in our work in southwest China.
按照新区发展的规律，在工作步骤上，随着城市的接管，我们工作的注意力以农村为重点，这是完全正确的。
According to the laws of development in the new liberated areas, as we take over cities, with regard to the method of work we should concentrate our focal point of work on rural areas.
This is absolutely correct.
这与党的二中全会“从现在起，开始了由城市到乡村并由城市领导乡村的时期”的方针是不相违背的。
This does not violate the principle of “The period of ‘from the city to the village' and of the city leading the village has now begun” adopted at the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Party.
在明年，紧接着减租退押运动，我们将实行分配土地的改革。
Next year, after initiating the movement for reduction of land rents and the return of security money to the leaseholder we shall carry out reform in the distribution of land.
因此，我们各级领导机关还要将指导重点放在农村，但同时必须以较多的注意力加强对于城市工作的领导。
Therefore, our leading bodies at all levels should continue to provide guidance mainly to work in rural areas and at the same time, they must pay more attention to strengthening their leadership over urban work.
由于领导上集中力量于农村，过去一年城市工作的成绩不如农村那样显著，但也有了不少的收获。
Since our leading bodies have been focusing their efforts on rural areas, over the past year we have not had so marked success in urban work as we have had in the rural work, but we do have some results.
初期的城市接收工作是做得比较顺利比较好的。
The early takeover of cities has proceeded smoothly and satisfactorily.
在建立革命秩序，完成税收任务，稳定金融物价，恢复或维持工业生产，救济失业工人和知识分子，改造旧人员，开展时事学习运动，恢复或维持学校教育，组织工人、学生，召开各界人民代表会议和开展统一战线等方面，都收到了一定的成绩，也有了一些经验。
We have accomplished considerable results and gained some experience in establishing revolutionary order, fulfilling taxation tasks, stabilizing currency and commodity prices, restoring or maintaining industrial production, providing relief to unemployed workers and intellectuals, remoulding personnel left over from the old regime, conducting study campaigns for current affairs, restoring or maintaining school education, organizing workers and students, convening representative conferences of the people from all circles and developing the united front.
我们在城市工作的同志是努力的。
It is true that our comrades who work in the cities have been working hard.
从中央局起，我们还没有系统地研究城市工作的经验，并加以普及和提高，特别是工厂管理和学校教育这两个最重要的方面，我们的经验更差。
From the bureau of the Central Committee, we have not systematically studies the experience in urban work and spread and improved it.
In particular, we have very little experience in the two most important aspects of our endeavor, that is, factory management and school education.
西南城市和较大镇子的人口近一千万，同时农村在经过减租退押和土改之后，更加要求城市的领导。
The cities and big towns in southwest China have a population of nearly 10 million.
After the rural areas have undergone reduction of land rents, return of security money to leaseholders and agrarian reform, there is a greater need for the cities to lead them.
如果我们不加强城市工作，“使城市工作和乡村工作，使工人和农民，使工业和农业，紧密地联系起来”如果城市前进的速度落后于农村，就有城乡脱节的危险，我们就会犯大错误。
If we do not strengthen urban work, “to link closely urban and rural work, workers and peasants, industry and agriculture” and if urban work progresses more slowly than rural work, we may risk divorcing urban areas from rural areas and make gross mistakes.
毛主席在党的七届二中全会上指示说：“在城市斗争中，我们依靠谁呢？
At the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Party Central Committee, Chairman Mao said, “On whom shall we rely in our struggle in the cities?
有些糊涂的同志认为不是依靠工人阶级，而是依靠贫民群众。
Some muddle-headed comrades think we should rely not on the working class but on the masses of the poor.
有些更糊涂的同志认为是依靠资产阶级。
Some comrades who are even more muddle-headed think we should rely on the bourgeoisie.
在发展工业的方向上，有些糊涂的同志认为主要地不是帮助国营企业的发展，而是帮助私营企业的发展；或者反过来，认为只要注意国营企业就够了，私营企业是无足轻重的了。
As for the direction of industrial development, some muddle-headed comrades maintain that we should chiefly help the development of private enterprise and not state enterprise, whereas others hold the opposite view that is suffices to pay attention to state enterprise and that private enterprise is of little importance.
我们必须批判这些糊涂思想。
We must criticize these muddled views.
我们必须全心全意地依靠工人阶级，团结其他劳动群众，争取知识分子，争取尽可能多的能够同我们合作的民族资产阶级分子及其代表人物站在我们方面，或者使他们保持中立，以便向帝国主义者、国民党、官僚资产阶级作坚决的斗争，一步一步地去战胜这些敌人。
We must wholeheartedly rely on the working class, unite with the rest of the laboring masses, win over the intellectuals and win over to our side as many as possible of the national bourgeois elements and their representatives who can cooperate with us-or neutralize them-so that we can wage a determined struggle against the imperialists, the Kuomintang and the bureaucrat-capitalist class and defeat these enemies step by step.
同时即开始着手我们的建设事业，一步一步地学会管理城市，恢复和发展城市中的生产事业。”
Meanwhile we shall set about our task of construction and learn, step by step, how to administer cities and restore and develop their production.”
“我们的同志必须用极大的努力去学习生产的技术和管理生产的方法，必须去学习同生产有密切联系的商业工作、银行工作和其他工作。”
“Our comrades must do their utmost to learn the techniques of production and the methods of managing production as well as other closely related work such as commerce and banking.”