过去把自己封闭起来，自我孤立，这对社会主义有什么好处呢？
In the past we pursued a closed-door policy and isolated ourselves.
How did that benefit socialism?
The wheels of history were rolling on, but we came to a halt and fell behind others.
历史在前进，我们却停滞不前，就落后了。
In the past we pursued a closed-door policy and isolated ourselves.
How did that benefit socialism?
The wheels of history were rolling on, but we came to a halt and fell behind others.
马克思说过，科学技术是生产力，事实证明这话讲得很对。
Marx said that science and technology are part of the productive forces.
Facts show that he was right.
我们的根本问题就是要坚持社会主义的信念和原则，发展生产力，改善人民生活，为此就必须开放。
For us, the basic task is to maintain socialist convictions and principles, expand the productive forces and raise the people's living standards.To accomplish this task, we must open our country to the outside world.
否则，不可能很好地坚持社会主义。
Otherwise, we shall not be able to stick to socialism.
拿中国来说，五十年代在技术方面与日本差距也不是那么大。
In the 1950s, for example, the gap in technology between China and Japan was not great.
但是我们封闭了二十年，没有把国际市场竞争摆在议事日程上，而日本却在这个期间变成了经济大国。
Then we closed our doors for 20 years and made no effort to compete internationally, while during the same period Japan grew into an economic power.
否则，我们已经耽误了二十年，影响了发展，还要再耽误二十年，后果不堪设想。
We have already wasted 20 years when we should have been developing.If we paid no attention to education, science and technology, we would waste another twenty years, and the consequences would be dreadful to contemplate.
最近，我见胡萨克时谈到，马克思讲过科学技术是生产力，这是非常正确的，现在看来这样说可能不够，恐怕是第一生产力。
When I met with Husak recently, I mentioned that Marx was quite right to say that science and technology are part of the productive forces, but now it seems his statement was incomplete.
The complete statement should be that science and technology constitute a primary productive force.
将来农业问题的出路，最终要由生物工程来解决，要靠尖端技术。
The future of agriculture will eventually lie in bioengineering and other highly advanced technologies.
对科学技术的重要性要充分认识。
So we must recognize the full importance of science and technology.
科学技术方面的投入、农业方面的投入要注意，再一个就是教育方面。
We should put more money and effort into developing them and into developing agriculture and education.
我们要千方百计，在别的方面忍耐一些，甚至于牺牲一点速度，把教育问题解决好。
We should try every way to expand education, even if it means slowing down in other fields.
要注意解决好少数高级知识分子的待遇问题。
We must try to increase the material benefits for the few top intellectuals.
调动他们的积极性，尊重他们，会有一批人做出更多的贡献。
If we arouse their enthusiasm and show them more respect, they will make more contributions.
我们自己的原子弹、氢弹、卫星、空间技术不也搞起来了吗？
Haven't we developed the atomic bomb, the hydrogen bomb, satellites and space technology on our own?
The engineering of the electron-positron collider that we have completed also ranks among the world's most advanced technologies.
我们的正负电子对撞机工程在全世界也是居于前列的。
Haven't we developed the atomic bomb, the hydrogen bomb, satellites and space technology on our own?
The engineering of the electron-positron collider that we have completed also ranks among the world's most advanced technologies.
知识分子待遇问题要分几年解决，使他们感到有希望。
The wages of intellectuals must be raised step by step over the next few years, so they will have something to look forward to.
北京大学一位老教授说：“我的工资从建国时候开始就是这么多，但是现在物价涨了，我的生活水平降了三分之二。”
I am told that an old professor at Beijing University said recently, ``My salary has remained the same as it was when the People's Republic was founded.
But with the way prices have gone up, my standard of living has dropped by two thirds.”
我们不论怎么困难，也要提高教师的待遇。
No matter how many difficulties we have, we must try to improve the treatment of teachers.
这个事情，在国际上都有影响。
If we do that, it will affect our intellectuals in other countries too.
我们的留学生有几万人，如何创造他们回来工作的条件，很重要。
We have tens of thousands of students studying abroad, and it is important to create suitable conditions for their work after they come back.
有些留学生，回来以后没有工作条件，也没有接纳他们的机构，有些学科我们还没有。
Some students who have returned have been unable to find appropriate work or even a unit to accept them, because we simply aren't doing any research in some of the areas they have been studying.
可以搞个综合的科研中心，设立若干专业，或者在现有的一些科研机构和大学里增设一些专业，把这些人放在里面，攻一个方面，总会有些人做出重大贡献。
We could establish a comprehensive scientific research centre that would include certain specialities; or we could add some specialities in existing research institutes and universities.
If we arrange for such people to tackle specific projects in these places, surely some of them will achieve great things.