战争的最后胜败，要在持久抗战中去解决。
The final outcome of the war will be determined by a protracted war of resistance.
今天的战争，要求我们充分运用半年抗战的宝贵经验。
In order to continue in the present war, we must take full advantage of the valuable experience we have gained from the past six months＇ fighting.
不仅应研究战略战术，而且还应以最大努力，利用一切可能，动员广大民众加入军队，补充现有兵团，组织新的部队，积蓄与扩大国家的武装力量，以支持长期艰苦的战争。
We should not only study strategy and tactics, but also do our utmost in every possible way to build up and expand the national armed forces by mobilizing the people to join the army, replenishing the existing corps and organizing new armed units in order to support an arduous, long-drawn-out war.
没有疑问的，中华民族的儿女，是要站在最前线与日寇拼命的，他们是能够以自己的血肉，换取民族的解放的。
There is no question that the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation are ready to fight to the death in the forefront against the Japanese aggressors and to win the liberation of their nation at the cost of their own flesh and blood.
首先，是由于历史上“好子不当兵”的传统观念我们还未能给以有力的克服；其次，是由于过去对民众缺乏民族的教育特别是抗日的教育，甚至在抗战爆发后，这一重大的工作，依然表现着异常的不够；第三，是由于我们今天征调壮丁的方式，还不无强迫的错误，这种错误的继续，造成了动员新兵的极大困难，且使入伍者缺乏坚定的意志与作战的勇气，甚至还可造成民众与政府、军队的对立，给日寇、汉奸以活动的口实与机会；最后，也由于对抗日军人家属的困难，没有切实实行政府所颁布的优待办法，给以最低限度的解决，使前线战士能够抛开家庭的顾虑而安心作战，并以这样的影响提高民众加入军队的决心和勇气。
First of all, we have not exploded the traditional myth that “a good man doesn't join the army”.
Second, not enough attention has been paid to education in the need to defend the country, and to fight Japan in particular, among the masses.
This important work has remained utterly inadequate even since the war of resistance broke out.
Third, some people have used coercion in recruitment -- a mistake that has made it most difficult for us to enlist new recruits and has resulted in those forced to join the army lacking a strong will and the courage to fight, and one that could even cause antagonism between the people, on the one hand, and the government and army, on the other; this would only play into the hands of the Japanese aggressors and Chinese collaborators.
Finally, the government's policy of giving preferential treatment to families of soldiers who are fighting against the Japanese aggressors in order to reduce their problems to a minimum has not been properly implemented, so that the soldiers are not able to fight without worries about their families and people are lacking the determination and courage to join the army.
假如我们冷静地回顾几个月来征调兵员的经验，我们当可看到在某些地区，正因为有了上述的缺点和错误，致使民众不能充分认识国家已经到了存亡绝续的关头，以最高的民族仇恨，奔赴抗日的前线，反会产生和增长避免兵役的心理。
If we soberly review our experience in recruiting soldiers over the past few months, we can see that, because of the aforesaid mistakes made in some areas, people may fail to realize that the future of the nation hangs in the balance and that they should rush to the front with the deepest hatred for the foreign foe, and they may, therefore, become increasingly reluctant to join the army.
这种结果，将使民众不能充分了解政府积蓄与扩大国防力量，以争取抗战最后胜利的方针之重要，反会在部分人民中增加对于政府的不满情绪。
They may fail to realize the importance of the government's policy of building up and expanding its defence capability in order to achieve final victory in the war of resistance; moreover, among some people, dissatisfaction with the government may increase.
这种结果，将使民众不能充分认识前线官兵的艰苦奋斗与国与家的关系，而热烈地拥护和慰劳军队，实现大革命时代军民一致的优良传统，来争取抗战的最后胜利，反会增加部分民众厌恶军队不愿当兵的观念。
People may fail to realize that the arduous struggle now being conducted by the officers and men at the front is closely related to the fate of the country and their families, they may fail to carry forward the fine tradition of unity between the army and the people during the days of the Great Revolution, and they may fail to warmly support the army and show gratitude in order to encourage it to win the war of resistance in the end; moreover, some people may become disgusted with the army and be loathed to join it.
日寇、汉奸、托派之辈，则更利用这些缺点和错误，来进行其挑拨煽惑的阴谋，企图造成民变，以威胁和扰乱抗日的后方。
In addition, the Japanese aggressors, Chinese collaborators and Trotskyites may use these mistakes to incite people to revolt, as a way to threaten and harass the rear areas in the fight against the Japanese aggressors.
这些严重的现象，即使是在一个两个村庄发生出来，即使在一极小部分民众中表现出来，已经足够引起我们的最高警惕了！
These phenomena are serious enough to demand our close vigilance, even if they are to be found in only one or two villages and among a very small number of people.
不错，这一时期的征调工作，已有其相当的成绩，前线军队一般地得到了相当的补充，但这决不能成为一种根据，认为我们还可以继续那些不好的征调方式。
It is true that our recent recruitment efforts have been quite successful and our troops at the front have generally been kept replenished.
This does not, however, mean that we can continue those undesirable methods of recruitment,
它纵然可以供给一时的补充，但绝不能满足长期抗战的需要。
since they can help supplement the army only for a short period of time and they can never serve the needs of a protracted war of resistance.
只有纠正那些不妥当的方式，才能保证今后动员任务的实现。
Only when the inappropriate methods are corrected will successful recruitment be ensured for the future.
二 我们指出由于征调方式的不当，而可能产生的不好结果与影响，其意义不在于消极的批评，而在于如何去纠正，采取好的动员方式，使前线能够得到源源不绝的补充，益能组织足够数量的新军队。
II.
Pointing out the inappropriateness of the recruitment methods and the bad results and effects they may lead to is not meant to be passive criticism, but is designed to encourage people to work out ways to correct them and adopt appropriate methods, so as to provide the front with a steady flow of replenishments and organize enough new troops.
必须了解，全国民众对日寇的侵略是深恶痛绝的，只要我们能采取较好的方式，去诱导他们，鼓动他们，必定能够很快地打破部分民众中的不健康的心理，必定能够鼓起他们最大的决心与勇气，自动地奔上前线，鼓励自己的夫、子、兄、弟上前线，为光荣的民族解放事业而战斗。
It should be understood that people all over the country detest Japanese aggression.
So long as we adopt the appropriate methods of recruitment and persuade and arouse the people, they will surely rid themselves of unhealthy attitudes and, with great determination and courage, go to the front, or encourage their husbands, sons or brothers to do so, to fight for the glorious cause of national liberation.
这从某些区域进行动员工作收到显著成绩的例子中，可以充分地证明出来。
This has been fully borne out by the notable success achieved in some areas.
这些动员较好的区域，给我们显示出了一些可贵的经验。
These areas have gained the following valuable experience from which we can learn.
在那里，进行了充分的宣传鼓动工作。
People there have carried out adequate propaganda and agitation activities.
运用了各种宣传的武器――戏剧、歌曲、壁报、群众大会、小的飞行演讲、个别谈话等等方法，向群众说明目前形势和生路，揭露敌人的残暴。
They have made use of various means of propaganda -- operas, songs, “wall newspapers”, mass meetings, brief lectures, private talks, and so forth -- to explain to the masses about the current situation and the way for them to survive, and to expose the cruelty of the enemy.
经过广泛而深入的宣传后，民众的抗日热情很快地激发起来，自动加入军队的踊跃，是远远超过强征的效果。
This widespread and thorough publicity promptly aroused the enthusiasm of the masses to fight the Japanese aggressors, and they volunteered to join the army.
This method of recruitment has proved far more effective than coercion.
在那里，进行了团结抗日积极分子与在群众中有信仰的分子（不是投机想升官发财的那些人）的工作，经过他们去进行招募，常常收效极大。
People there have united with anti-Japanese activists and persons respected by the masses (not careerists, who are out for power and money) in order to carry out recruitment with their help, which has yielded very good results.
在那里，进行了抗日军人家属中的工作，召集了各军军人的家属开会，有可能时甚至举行会餐，向他们宣传解释各种抗日的问题，说明他们的光荣，给以光荣牌匾，并征询他们的意见。
People there have worked among families of anti-Japanese soldiers, inviting family members of servicemen of every army unit to meetings or even dinner parties, when possible, at which they explained various questions concerning resistance to Japan, showed them the respect they deserve, presented them with honour plaques, and asked for their opinions.
对于他们的困难，已在可能的范围内，向当地政府或民众团体提出意见，求得部分的解决。
When difficulties arose, people there asked the local governments and mass organizations for help.
这些工作的结果，给了一切人民以抗日军人家属光荣的榜样，创造了不少妻子送丈夫、父母送儿子、哥哥送弟弟参加军队的新模范。
In this way everyone considered the families of anti-Japanese soldiers to be examples to follow and many commendable wives, parents and older brothers have come forward to send their husbands, sons and younger brothers to the army.