工会是搞什么的？
the trade unions,
共青团是搞什么的？
the Communist Youth League,
妇联是搞什么的？
and the women's federations doing?”
还不都是做政治工作的？
They are doing political work.
比如落实政策问题，就业问题，上山下乡知识青年回城市问题，这些都是社会、政治问题，主要还是从经济角度来解决。
For example, the issues of implementation of the Party's policies, of employment, and of the return to our cities of educated urban young people who work in the countryside and in mountainous areas are all social and political problems that should be solved mainly from an economic perspective.
经济不发展，这些问题永远不能解决。
If the economy does not develop, these problems can never be solved.
所谓政策，也主要是经济方面的政策。
The above-mentioned policies are primarily policies concerning the economy.
这是用经济政策来解决政治问题。
They are using economic policies to settle political problems.
二、我赞成劲可鼓不可泄。
.
I favour the idea that we should encourage people.
我们需要一些专家、懂行的人，现在不懂行的人太多了，“万金油”干部太多了。
We need specialists.
There are so many people who are jacks-of-all-trades and masters of none serving as cadres.
我们的干部有一千八百万，缺少的是专业干部，技术人员、管理人员和其他各种专业人员。
We have 18 million cadres but lack technical cadres, technicians, managerial staff, and other professionals.
所谓政治，就是四个现代化。
By the political task, we are referring to the four modernizations.
我们开了大口，本世纪末实现四个现代化。
We used to have the ambitious goal of realizing the four modernizations by the end of the century.
后来改了个口，叫中国式的现代化，就是把标准放低一点。
Later we changed the goal the “Chinese-style”modernizations, intending to lower the standard a little.
据澳大利亚的一个统计材料说，一九七七年，美国的国民生产总值按人口平均为八千七百多美元，占世界第五位。
According to statistics from Australia, the per capita GNP in the United States was more than US $8,700 in 1977, ranking fifth place in the world.
我们到本世纪末国民生产总值能不能达到人均上千美元？
Will China's per capita GNP reach $1,000 by the end of the century?
前一时期我讲了一个意见，等到人均达到一千美元的时候，我们的日子可能就比较好过了，就能花多一点力量来援助第三世界的穷国。
Not long ago, I said that when our per capita GNP reached that figure we will be in a much better position and able to provide more support to the poor countries of the Third World.
就是降低原来的设想，完成低的目标，也得很好地抓紧工作，要全力以赴，抓得很细，很具体，很有效。
Even lowering the previous goal and fulfilling the lower targets, we shall still spare no effort to promote economic development and we will do every aspect of our work effectively.
四个现代化这个目标，讲空话是达不到的。
It is impossible for us to accomplish the four modernizations by empty talk.
这是各级党委的中心工作。
Economic development should be the central task of Party committees at all levels.
各级党委除了抓经济工作，还有很多其他工作，但很多问题都涉及经济方面。
In addition to economic work, the Party committees perform many other kinds of work, but many issues involve economic affairs.
比如思想路线问题要深入讨论，这个工作不能搞运动，要插到经常工作主要是经济工作里面去做。
For instance, the question of ideological line requires thorough discussion.
Instead of conducting campaigns, such endeavours should be accomplished through routine and chiefly economic work.
真理标准问题，结合实际来讨论，恐怕效果好一点，免得搞形式主义。
If we combine discussions concerning the criterion for judging truth with practical work, we shall achieve better results and avoid formalism.
一个生产队怎样提高生产力，怎样利用每一个山头，每一片水面，每一块耕地，每一处边角；一个工厂如何发展生产，增加品种，提高质量，如何改革经营管理方法，打开市场，如何解决职工的困难，如何避免走后门，这样来讨论问题，解放思想，效果会好得多。
For example, a production team should discuss how to improve productivity by making full use of every hill, water surface, plot and corner.
A factory should discuss how to expand production, increase variety, improve the quality of its products, reform administration, open up markets, solve the workers' and staff's problems, and help eliminate the practice of anyone taking advantage of social connections to secure special privileges.
If we discuss those questions and emancipate our minds, we shall achieve better results.