§（一）在一切敌后地区和战争区域，应强调同一性，不应强调特殊性，否则就会是绝大的错误。
#§1.
In all regions behind the enemy lines and in all the war zones, stress should be laid not on particularity, but on identity; to do otherwise would be a gross error.
不论在华北、华中或华南，不论在江北或江南，不论在平原地区、山岳地区或湖沼地区，也不论是八路军、新四军或华南游击队，虽然各有特殊性，但均有同一性，即均有敌人，均在抗战。
# While each region has its individual peculiarities, they are all identical in that all are confronted by the enemy and all are engaged in the War of Resistance, whether in northern, central or southern China, in the areas north or south of the Yangtse River, or in the plains, the mountain or lake regions, and whether the force involved is the Eighth Route Army, the New Fourth Army or the South China Guerrilla Column.
这种发展的方针，中央曾多次给你们指出来了。
# The Central Committee has pointed out this policy of expansion to you time and again.
所谓发展，就是不受国民党的限制，超越国民党所能允许的范围，不要别人委任，不靠上级发饷，独立自主地放手地扩大军队，坚决地建立根据地，在这种根据地上独立自主地发动群众，建立共产党领导的抗日统一战线的政权，向一切敌人占领区域发展。
# To expand means to reach out into all enemy-occupied areas and not to be bound by the Kuomintang's restrictions but to go beyond the limits allowed by the Kuomintang, not to expect official appointments from them or depend on the higher-ups for financial support but instead to expand the armed forces freely and independently, set up base areas unhesitatingly, independently arouse the masses in those areas to action and build up united front organs of political power under the leadership of the Communist Party.
例如在江苏境内，应不顾顾祝同、冷欣、韩德勤等反共分子的批评、限制和压迫，西起南京，东至海边，南至杭州，北至徐州，尽可能迅速地并有步骤有计划地将一切可能控制的区域控制在我们手中，独立自主地扩大军队，建立政权，设立财政机关，征收抗日捐税，设立经济机关，发展农工商业，开办各种学校，大批培养干部。
# In Kiangsu Province, for example, despite the verbal attacks and the restrictions and oppression by anti-Communist elements such as Ku Chu-tung, Leng Hsin and Han Teh-chin, we should gain control of as many districts as possible from Nanking in the west to the seacoast in the east and from Hangchow in the south to Hsuchow in the north, and do so as fast as possible and yet steadily and systematically; and we should independently expand the armed forces, establish organs of political power, set up fiscal offices to levy taxes for resistance to Japan and economic agencies to promote agriculture, industry and commerce, and open up schools of various kinds to train large numbers of cadres.
中央前要你们在今年一年内，在江浙两省敌后地区扩大抗日武装至十万人枪和迅速建立政权等项，不知你们具体布置如何？
# The Central Committee previously instructed you to enlarge the anti-Japanese armed forces to 1,000,000 men, with as many rifles, and to set up organs of political power promptly in the regions behind the enemy lines in Kiangsu and Chekiang Provinces before the end of this year. # What concrete measures have you taken?
过去已经失去了时机，若再失去今年的时机，将来就会更困难了。
# Opportunities have been missed before, and if this year they are missed again, things will become still more difficult.
§（二）在国民党反共顽固派坚决地执行其防共、限共、反共政策，并以此为投降日本的准备的时候，我们应强调斗争，不应强调统一，否则就会是绝大的错误。
#§2.
At a time when the anti-Communist die-hards in the Kuomintang are obstinately persisting in their policy of containing, restricting and combating the Communist Party in preparation for capitulation to Japan, we must stress struggle and not unity; to do otherwise would be a gross error.
因此，对于一切反共顽固派的防共、限共、反共的法律、命令、宣传、批评，不论是理论上的、政治上的、军事上的，原则上均应坚决地反抗之，均应采取坚决斗争的态度。
# Therefore, whether in the theoretical, the political, or the military sphere, we should as a matter of principle firmly resist all the verbal attacks, propaganda, orders and laws of the anti-Communist die-hards designed to contain, restrict and oppose the Communist Party, and our attitude towards them should be one of firm struggle.
这种斗争，应从有理、有利、有节的原则出发，也就是自卫的原则、胜利的原则和休战的原则，也就是目前每一具体斗争的防御性、局部性和暂时性。
# This struggle must be based on the principle of fighting on just grounds, to our advantage, and with restraint, that is, on the principles of self-defence, victory and truce, which means that every concrete struggle is defensive, limited and temporary in nature.
对于反共顽固派的一切反动的法律、命令、宣传、批评，我们应提出针锋相对的办法和他们作坚决的斗争。
# We must take tit-for-tat action and conduct a determined struggle against all the reactionary verbal attacks, propaganda, orders and laws of the anti-Communist die-hards.
例如，他们要四、五支队南下，我们则以无论如何不能南下的态度对付之；他们要叶、张两部南下，我们则以请准征调一部北上对付之；他们说我们破坏兵役，我们就请他们扩大新四军的募兵区域；他们说我们的宣传错误，我们就请他们取消一切反共宣传，取消一切磨擦法令；他们要向我们举行军事进攻，我们就实行军事反攻以打破之。
# For instance, when they demanded that our Fourth and Fifth Detachments be moved to the south, we countered by insisting that it was absolutely impossible to do so; when they demanded that the units under Yeh Fei and Chang Yun-yi be moved to the south, we countered by asking permission for a part of these units to move to the north; when they charged us with having undermined their conscription plans, we asked them to enlarge the recruiting area for the New Fourth Army; when they said we were carrying on wrong propaganda, we asked them to stop all their anti-Communist propaganda and to rescind all decrees and orders which cause "friction", and whenever they launch military attacks against us, we should smash them by counter-attacks.
凡一切有理之事，不但我党中央应该提出，我军的任何部分均应该提出。
# And it is not only the Central Committee of our Party that should take action whenever we are on just grounds, but every unit of our army should do so.
例如，张云逸对李品仙，李先念对李宗仁，均是下级向上级提出强硬的抗议，就是好例。
# What Chang Yun-yi did to Li Pin-hsien and what Li Hsien-nien did to Li Tsung-jen are both good examples of strong protests from the lower levels to the higher-ups.
只有向顽固派采取这种强硬态度和在斗争时采取有理、有利、有节的方针，才能使顽固派有所畏而不敢压迫我们，才能缩小顽固派防共、限共、反共的范围，才能强迫顽固派承认我们的合法地位，也才能使顽固派不敢轻易分裂。
# This kind of strong attitude towards the die-hards and the policy of struggling against them on just grounds, to our advantage, and with restraint are the only way to make the die-hards somewhat afraid of repressing us, to reduce the scope of their activities in containing, restricting and combating the Communist Party, to force them to recognize our legal status, and to make them think twice before causing a split.
所以，斗争是克服投降危险、争取时局好转、巩固国共合作的最主要的方法。
# Therefore, struggle is by far the most important means of averting the danger of capitulation, of achieving a turn for the better in the situation and of strengthening Kuomintang-Communist co-operation.
在我党我军内部，只有坚持对顽固派的斗争，才能振奋精神，发扬勇气，团结干部，扩大力量，巩固军队和巩固党。
# Within our own Party and army, persistence in the struggle against the die-hards is the only way to heighten our fighting spirit, give full play to our courage, unite our cadres, increase our strength and consolidate our army and Party.
在对中间派的关系上，只有坚持对顽固派的斗争，才能争取动摇的中间派，支持同情的中间派，否则都是不可能的。
# In our relations with the intermediate sections, persistence in the struggle against the die-hards is the only way to win over the waverers and give support to our sympathizers-- there is no other way.
在应付可能的全国性的突然事变的问题上，也只有采取斗争的方针，才能使全党全军在精神上有所准备，在工作上有所布置。
# Similarly, struggle is the only policy which can ensure that the whole Party and the whole army are mentally on the alert against a possible nation-wide emergency and are prepared for it in their work.
否则，就将再犯一九二七年的错误。
# Otherwise, the mistake of 1927 will be repeated.
§（三）在估计目前时局的时候，应懂得，一方面，投降危险是大大地加重了；另一方面，则仍未丧失克服这种危险的可能性。
#§3.
In appraising the present situation, we should clearly understand that while the danger of capitulation has greatly increased, it is still possible to avert it.
目前的军事冲突是局部性的，还不是全国性的。
# The present military clashes are still local and not national.
是彼方的战略侦察行动，还不是立即大举“剿共”的行动；是彼方准备投降的步骤，还不是马上投降的步骤。
# They are acts of strategic reconnaissance by our opponents and not yet "Communist suppression" on a large scale; they are steps preparatory to capitulation and not yet steps immediately preceding capitulation.
我们的任务，是坚持地猛力地执行中央“发展进步势力”、“争取中间势力”、“孤立顽固势力”这三项唯一正确的方针，用以达到克服投降危险、争取时局好转的目的。
# Our task is persistently and vigorously to carry out the threefold policy laid down by the Central Committee, which is the only correct policy, namely, to develop the progressive forces, win over the middle forces and isolate the die-hard forces, for the purpose of averting the danger of capitulation and bringing about a turn for the better in the situation.