（一）一九四八年九月，中央召开了一次政治局会议，到政治局委员七人，有中央委员和候补中央委员十四人、重要工作人员十人参加，其中有华北、华东、中原、西北的党和军队的主要负责同志。
#§In September 1948 the Central Committee convened a meeting of the Political Bureau, attended by seven members of the Political Bureau, fourteen members and alternate members of the Central Committee and ten important functionaries, including principal leading comrades in the Party and army in northern China, eastern China, the Central Plains and northwestern China.
这是从日本投降以来到会人数最多的一次中央会议。
# §This meeting convened by the Central Committee had the largest attendance of any since the Japanese surrender.
会议检查了过去时期的工作，规定了今后时期的工作任务。
#§ The meeting examined the work of the past period and set the tasks for the period ahead.
（二）一九四五年四月党的第七次全国代表大会以后，中央委员会和全党领导骨干，表现了比较抗日时期更为良好的团结。
#§2.
Since the Party's Seventh National Congress in April 1945, the Central Committee and the leading cadres of the whole Party have displayed even greater unity than during the War of Resistance Against Japan.
这种团结，使得我党能够应付日本投降以后整三年内国际国内所发生的许多重大事变，并在这些事变中使中国革命向前推进了一大步，摧毁了美帝国主义在中国广大人民中的政治影响，抵抗了国民党的再一次叛变，打退了它的军事进攻，使人民解放军由防御转到了进攻。
# §This unity has enabled our Party to cope with many important events at home and abroad in the three years since the Japanese surrender; and in the course of these events our Party has pushed the Chinese revolution a big step forward, shattered the political influence of U.S. imperialism among the broad masses of the Chinese people, combated the new betrayal by the Kuomintang, repulsed its military attacks and enabled the People's Liberation Army to shift from the defensive to the offensive.
在一九四六年七月至一九四八年六月的两年作战中，人民解放军歼敌二百六十四万人，其中俘敌一百六十三万人。
#§In the last two years of fighting, from July 1946 to June 1948, the People's Liberation Army has wiped out 2,640,000 enemy troops, including 1,630,000 captured.
两年主要缴获，计有步枪近九十万枝，重轻机枪六万四千余挺，小炮八千余门，步兵炮五千余门，山野重炮一千一百余门。
#§ The main war booty of the two years amounts to nearly 900,000 rifles, over 64,000 heavy and light machine-guns, 8,000 pieces of light artillery, 5,000 pieces of infantry artillery and 1,100 heavy mountain and field guns.
两年中人民解放军由一百二十余万人增加到了二百八十万人。
# §In these two years the People's Liberation Army has grown from 1,200,000 men to 2,800,000.
解放区现有面积二百三十五万平方公里，占全国面积九百五十九万七千平方公里的百分之二十四点五；现已有人口一亿六千八百万，占全国人口四亿七千五百万的百分之三十五点三；现有县城以上大中小城市五百八十六座，占全国城市二千零九座的百分之二十九。
# §The Liberated Areas now cover 2,350,000 square kilometres, or 24. 5 per cent of China's total area of 9,597,000 square kilometres; their population is 168 million, or 35. 3 per cent of China's total of 475 million; and they have 586 large, medium and small cities, from county towns up, or 29 per cent of China's total of 2,009 such cities.
由于我党坚决领导农民实现了土地制度的改革，现已在大约一万万人口的区域彻底解决了土地问题，地主阶级和旧式富农的土地大致平均地分配给了农村人民，首先是贫雇农。
#§Because our Party has firmly led the peasants in carrying out the reform of the land system, the land problem has been thoroughly solved in areas having about 100 million people, and the land of the landlord class and of the old-type rich peasants has been more or less equally distributed among the rural population and, first of all, among the poor peasants and farm labourers.
我党党员由一九四五年五月的一百二十一万，增加到了现在的三百万（我党党员一九二七年国民党叛变以前为五万人，一九二七年国民党叛变以后降为大约一万人左右，一九三四年因土地革命顺利发展升至三十万人，一九三七年因南方革命失败降为大约四万人左右，一九四五年因抗日战争顺利发展增至一百二十一万人，现在因反蒋战争和土地革命顺利发展又增至三百万人）。
#§Our Party membership has increased from 1,210,000 in May 1945 to 3,000,000 at present. (In 1927, before the Kuomintang betrayal of the revolution, it was 50,000; after the Kuomintang betrayal of that year, it dropped to about 10,000; in 1934, as a result of the successful development of the agrarian revolution, it rose to 300,000; in 1937, owing to the defeat of the revolution in the south, it dropped again to about 40,000; in 1945, because of the successful development of the War of Resistance Against Japan, it rose to 1,210,000; and now, because of the successful development of the anti-Chiang Kai-shek war and the agrarian revolution, it has reached 3,000,000.
党在最近一年内，一方面基本上克服了并正在继续克服着党内在某种程度上存在着的成分不纯（地主富农分子）、思想不纯（地主富农思想）和作风不纯（官僚主义和命令主义）的不良现象，另一方面又克服了和正在继续克服着跟着大规模发动农民群众解决土地问题的斗争而产生的，部分地但是相当多地侵犯了中农，破坏了某些私人工商业，以及某些地方越出了镇压反革命的某些政策界限等项“左”的错误。
#§ On the one hand, the Party has in the past year basically overcome, and is continuing to overcome, some unhealthy phenomena which existed to a certain degree in its ranks; these were impurities in class composition (landlord and rich peasant elements), impurities in ideology (landlord and rich peasant ideology) and impurities in style of work (bureaucracy and commandism). # §On the other hand, the Party has in the past year overcome, and is continuing to overcome, some "Left" mistakes which accompanied the large-scale mobilization of the peasant masses in the struggles to solve the land problem; these were the partial but fairly numerous encroachments on the interests of the middle peasants, the damage done to some private industrial and commercial enterprises and the overstepping in some places of certain lines of demarcation in the policy for suppressing counter-revolutionaries.
经过过去三年、特别是最近一年的伟大的激烈的革命斗争，和对于自己错误的认真的纠正，全党的政治成熟程度是大进一步了。
#§ Through the great, fierce revolutionary struggles of the past three years, and especially of the past year, and the conscientious correction of our own mistakes, the whole Party has made a big step forward in political maturity.
党在国民党区域的工作，有了很大的成绩，这表现在各大城市中争取了广大的工人、学生、教员、教授、文化人、市民和民族资本家站在我党方面，争取了一切民主党派、人民团体站在我党方面，抗拒了国民党的压迫，使国民党完全陷于孤立。
#§The Party's work in the Kuomintang areas has been crowned with tremendous success. # §This can be seen from the fact that in the big cities we have won over to the side of our Party the broad masses of workers, students, teachers, professors, cultural workers, ordinary residents and national capitalists as well as all the democratic parties and people's organizations, and have thus resisted Kuomintang oppression and completely isolated the Kuomintang.
在南方几个大区域内（闽粤赣边区，湘粤赣边区，粤桂边区，桂滇边区，云南南部，皖浙赣边区和浙江东部南部）建立了游击战争根据地，使这些地区的游击部队发展到了三万余人。
#§ In several large areas in the south (the Fukien-Kwangtung-Kiangsi, the Hunan-Kwangtung-Kiangsi, the Kwangtung-Kwangsi and the Kwangsi-Yunnan border areas, southern Yunnan, the Anhwei-Chekiang-Kiangsi border area and eastern and southern Chekiang), bases for guerrilla warfare have been established, and their guerrilla forces have grown to more than 30,000.
两年内，特别是最近一年内，在人民解放军中，实行了有秩序的、有领导的、由全体战斗员和指挥员一起参加的民主运动，开展了自我批评，克服了和正在继续克服着军队中的官僚主义，恢复了在一九二七年至一九三二年期间曾经实行有效、而在后来被取消了的军队中的各级党委制和连队中的战士委员会制，这样就使军队指战员的政治积极性和自觉性大为提高，战斗力和纪律性大为增强，溶化了大约八十万左右从国民党军队来的俘虏兵，使他们变为解放战士，掉转枪口打国民党。
#§During the past two years and especially last year, we have carried out an orderly, well-led democratic movement in the People's Liberation Army, with all fighters and commanders taking part. # §In this movement we have unfolded self-criticism, have overcome and are continuing to overcome bureaucracy in the army and have restored the Party committee system at various levels of the army and the soldiers' committee system in the companies, both of which produced good results from 1927 to 1932 but were later abolished. #§ All this has greatly heightened the political enthusiasm and consciousness of commanders and fighters, strengthened their combat effectiveness and discipline and helped us to absorb some 800,000 captured Kuomintang soldiers and change them into liberated fighters who have turned their guns against the Kuomintang.
两年内，从解放区动员了大约一百六十万左右分得了土地的农民参加人民解放军。
#§ During the past two years, in the Liberated Areas, we have mobilized some 1,600,000 of the peasants who obtained land to join the People's Liberation Army.
两年内，我们的军事工业，有了相当大的增长。
#§ In the past two years our war industries have grown considerably.
但是还不足以应付战争的需要。
#§ But they are not yet adequate to meet the needs of the war.
我们已在华北四千四百万人口的区域建立了统一的党和党外民主人士合作的人民政府，并决定由这个政府将华北、华东（有人口四千三百万）和西北（有人口七百万）三区的经济、财政、贸易、金融、交通和军事工业的领导和管理工作统一起来，以利支持前线，并且准备在不久的将来，将东北和中原两区的上述工作也统一起来。
#§In areas in northern China with a population of 44 million we have set up a unified people's government in which our Party cooperates with non-Party democrats. # §In order to facilitate support to the front, we have decided to entrust this government with the task of unifying the work of leading and administering the economy, finance, trade, banking, communications and war industries in three regions northern China, eastern China (with a population of 43 million) and the Northwest (with a population of 7 million), and we are prepared in the near future to extend the unification of this work to two additional regions, the Northeast and the Central Plains.
（三）中央会议，根据过去两年作战的成绩和整个敌我形势，认为建设五百万人民解放军，在大约五年左右的时间内（从一九四六年七月算起）歼敌正规军共五百个旅（师）左右（平均每年一百个旅左右），歼敌正规军、非正规军和特种部队共七百五十万人左右（平均每年一百五十万人左右），从根本上打倒国民党的反动统治，是有充分可能性的。
#§3.
In the light of our successes in the past two years' fighting and of the general situation as between the enemy and ourselves, the meeting convened by the Central Committee considered it fully possible to build a People's Liberation Army of five million in a period of about five years (beginning from July 1946), to wipe out a total of some 500 brigades (divisions) of the enemy's regular forces (an average of about 100 brigades a year), to wipe out a total of some 7,500,000 men of his regular and irregular forces and of the special arms (an average of about 1,500,000 men a year) and to overthrow the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang completely.
国民党的军事力量，在一九四六年七月为四百三十万人，两年被歼和逃亡三百零九万人，补充二百四十四万人，现有三百六十五万人。
#§The military strength of the Kuomintang was 4,300,000 men in July 1946. # §In the past two years, 3,090,000 of its men have either been wiped out or have deserted, and 2,440,000 have been recruited. # §Its present strength is 3,650,000 men.
估计今后三年尚能补充三百万人，今后三年被歼和逃亡可能达到四百五十万人左右。
#§ It is estimated that in the coming three years the Kuomintang may still be able to recruit 3,000,000 men and that some 4,500,000 will probably be wiped out or desert.
这样，五年作战结果，国民党的军事力量可能只剩下二百万人左右了。
#§ Thus, as a result of five years' fighting, the remaining military strength of the Kuomintang will probably be only some 2,000,000.