§*这是毛泽东同志为中共中央起草的给上海局，各省委、自治区党委的通知。
#§Circular drafted for the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and scat to the Shanghai Bureau and the provincial and autonomous region Party committees.
§今年十一月间毛泽东同志在杭州和天津分别同十四个省委书记和内蒙自治区党委书记共同商定的十七条，中央认为应当于一月十日中央召集的有各省委、市委、自治区党委书记参加的会议上，加以确定，以便纳入一九五六年的计划，认真开始实行。
#§In November this year a seventeen-article document was agreed upon after consultations held by Comrade Mao Tsetung in Hangchow and Tientsin with secretaries of the Party committees of fourteen provinces and the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region. # The Central Committee holds that the document should be confirmed at the conference of secretaries of the provincial, municipal and autonomous region Party committees to be convened by the Central Committee on January 10 so that it can be incorporated in the 1956 plan and begin to be carried out in earnest.
为此目的，请你们于接电后即召集所属各地委书记和一部分县委书记详细研究一下:(甲)究竟是否全部可以实现，还是有一部分不能实现，实现的根据是否每条都是充分的；(乙)除了十七条以外，是否还有增加(只要是可行的，可以增加)；(丙)你们是否准备立即纳入你们的一九五六年计划内开始实行。
# To this end, on receiving this message please summon the secretaries of all the prefectural Party committees and of some of the county Party committees under your jurisdiction to make a detailed study of the following questions: #§(1) Whether all or only some of the articles can be carried out and whether the conditions are sufficient for carrying out each article; #§(2) Whether any additions to the seventeen articles are needed (additions which are practicable can be made); and(3) Whether you are ready to incorporate the seventeen articles in your 1956 plan and carry them out right away.
以上各点，请你们于一九五六年一月三日以前研究完毕，准备意见。
#§Please complete your study of these questions and have your opinions ready by January 3, 1956.
§十七条内容如下:
#§The seventeen articles are as follows:
§(一)农业合作化的进度，一九五六年下半年基本上完成初级形式的建社工作，省、市、自治区(除新疆外)一级的指标以要求完成百分之七十五的农户入社为宜，让下面超过一点，达到百分之八十至八十五左右。
#§1.
Regarding the pace of the co-operative transformation of agriculture, the work of establishing co-operatives of the elementary type should in the main be accomplished by the latter half of 1956, and it is advisable for the provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions (Sinkiang excepted) to set a target for co-operative membership of 75 per cent of the peasant households and let the lower levels exceed this somewhat and reach about 80 to 85 per cent.
§合作化的高级形式，争取于一九六○年基本上完成，是否可以缩短一年，争取于一九五九年基本上完成。
#§As for co-operation of the higher stage, you should strive to accomplish it basically by 1960, or if possible a year sooner, by 1959.
为此，需要于一九五六年由县最好由区直接掌握每县或者每区办一个至几个大型(一百户以上的)高级社，再于一九五七年办一批，这两批应占农户百分之二十五左右，以为榜样。
# To this end it is necessary for the counties, and preferably the districts, to take direct charge of setting up one or more large co-operatives of the advanced type (each with over a hundred households) in every county or district in 1956 and then another batch in 1957 -- these two batches should account for about 25 per cent of the peasant households and serve as models.
又由小社变大社，规模如何。
# What should be the size of a co-operative when small co-operatives merge into big ones?
全国总社数三十万个，或者四十万个，或者五十万个，究以何者为宜。
# Which is the more suitable figure for the total number of co-operatives in the country -- 300,000, 400,000, or 500,000?
苏联是十万个社，我国是否以三十几万个社或者四十万个社为适宜。
# The figure is 100,000 in the Soviet Union; would over 300,000, or 400,000, be more suitable for us?
又先并社后升级为好，还是并社升级同时进行为好，还是先升级后并社为好。
# Further, which way is better -- to merge the co-operatives first and then raise them to the higher stages or to merge and raise them at the same time, or to raise them first and then merge them?
以上各点请你们一并加以研究。
# Please consider these questions as well.
§(二)地主、富农入社，一九五六年是否即照安徽、山西、黑龙江等省的意见办理，即好的许其入社，不好不坏的许其在社生产，不给社员称号，坏的由社管制生产，凡干部强的老社均可这样做。
#§2.
As for the admission of landlords and rich peasants into co-operatives, perhaps during 1956 you could act upon the suggestion made by Anhwei, Shansi and Heilungkiang Provinces, that is, allowing those who behave well to join and those who behave neither well nor badly to take part in co-operative production but without co-operative membership, while compelling those who behave badly to engage in production under the co-operatives' supervision.
这样做好处很多，但是有一个缺点就是势必逼使那些目前还不愿入社的上中农勉强入社，并且让他们先入社，然后再让地富入社，才使他们面子上过得去。
# This method can be adopted by all the old co-operatives which have strong cadres. # There are many advantages to this, though there is one disadvantage, namely those upper-middle peasants who are as yet unwilling to join the co- operatives will inevitably feel obliged to do so, and moreover they will have to be admitted before the landlords and rich peasants so as to save their face.
或者推迟一年，即到一九五七年才行上述办法。
# Or shall we postpone the adoption of the above method for a year, that is, until 1957?
§(三)合作社领导成分，由现有的贫农和原来是贫农的全部新下中农占三分之二，老下中农和新老两部分上中农占三分之一。
#§3.
As for the composition of the leadership in a co-operative, two-thirds should come from among the present-day poor peasants plus all the new lower-middle peasants who were formerly poor peasants, while one-third should come from among the old lower-middle peasants and the old and new upper-middle peasants.
§(四) 增产的条件:(甲)实行几项基本措施(内容待商，各地可以有些差别)；(乙)推广先进经验(每年收集典型例子，每省印成一本)。
#§4.
Conditions for increasing production: (a) carry out a few fundamental measures (the details still have to be discussed, and some differences may be allowed for different places), (b) spread advanced experience (materials on models are to be collected every year and published in a volume by each province).
§(五)一九五六年一切省、地、县、区、乡都要做出一个包括一切必要项目的全面长期计划，着重县、乡计划，于上半年完成初稿，下半年定稿，以后还可修改。
#§5.
In 1956 every province, prefecture, county, district and township should draw up a long-term comprehensive plan embracing all the necessary items, wi# A draft should be prepared in the first half of the year and finalized in the second, subject to further revision.th stress on county and township plans.
计划包括的时间，至少三年，最好七年，可以到十二年。
# The plan should cover a period of at least three years, preferably seven, possibly as many as twelve.
因为无经验，有许多可能是很粗糙的，但是必须争取少数县、乡的计划比较接近实际，以利推广。
# While many plans are likely to be rough-and-ready for lack of experience, you should strive to have a few counties and townships draw up more realistic plans so that they can be recommended as models.
§(六)全面规划保护和繁殖牛、马、骡、驴、猪、羊、鸡、鸭，特别要保护幼畜。
#§6.
Make an over-all plan for the protection and breeding of cattle, horses, mules, donkeys, pigs, sheep, chickens and ducks, and especially for the protection of young animals.
繁殖计划待商，请你们准备意见。
# The breeding plans will be discussed, so please have your opinions ready.
§(七)同流域规划相结合，大量地兴修小型水利，保证在七年内基本上消灭普通的水灾旱灾。
#§7.
In co-ordination with the plans for river basins, there should be widespread construction of small water conservancy projects to ensure basic control over ordinary floods and droughts within seven years.