§*这是毛泽东同志一九五七年七月在青岛召开的省市委书记会议期间写的一篇文章,在这个会议上印发过,同年八月,又印发给党内领导干部阅读。
#§Article written during the conference of the secretaries of provincial and municipal Party committees held in Tsingtao in July 1957 and printed and distributed at the conference. # It was circulated among the leading cadres of the Party in August of the same year.
§在我国社会主义革命时期,反共反人民反社会主义的资产阶级右派和人民的矛盾是敌我矛盾,是对抗性的不可调和的你死我活的矛盾。
#§During the period of socialist revolution in our country the contradiction between the people and the bourgeois Rightists, who oppose the Communist Party, the people and socialism, is one between ourselves and the enemy, that is, an antagonistic, irreconcilable, life-and-death contradiction.
§向工人阶级和共产党举行猖狂进攻的资产阶级右派是反动派、反革命派。
#§The bourgeois Rightists who have launched wild attacks against the working class and the Communist Party are reactionaries or counter-revolutionaries.
不这样叫,而叫右派,一是为了便于争取中间派;二是为了便于分化右派,使一部分右派分子有可能转变过来。
# They are not so labelled but are instead called Rightists because, first, this will make it easier to win over the middle and, second, it will help split the Rightists and enable some of them to change and come over.
§最后不能转变的那一部分资产阶级右派分子是死硬派,只要他们不当特务,不再进行破坏活动,也给他们一点事做,也不剥夺他们的公民权。
#§Those bourgeois Rightists who remain unchanged to the bitter end are die-herds, but they too will be given work and not deprived of their civil rights, unless they act as secret agents or carry on sabotage.
这是鉴于许多历史事件采取了极端政策的后果,并不良好。
# This line of action is being taken because, judging from many events in the past, extreme policies produce bad results.
我们应当看得远一些,在几十年后看这个事件,将会看到我们这样对待资产阶级右派分子,对于无产阶级革命事业,会有深远影响和巨大利益的。
# We should take a long view, and decades from now when we look back on the present events we shall see how this treatment of the bourgeois Rightists profoundly influenced and greatly benefited the revolutionary cause of the proletariat.
§我们的目标,是想造成一个又有集中又有民主,又有纪律又有自由,又有统一意志、又有个人心清舒畅、生动活泼,那样一种政治局面,以利于社会主义革命和社会主义建设,较易于克服困难,较快地建设我国的现代工业和现代农业,党和国家较为巩固,较为能够经受风险。
#§Our aim is to create a political situation in which we have both centralism and democracy, both discipline and freedom, both unity of will and personal ease of mind and liveliness, and thus to promote our socialist revolution and socialist construction, make it easier to overcome difficulties, build a modern industry and modern agriculture more rapidly and make our Party and state more secure and better able to weather storm and stress.
总题目是正确地处理人民内部的矛盾和正确地处理敌我矛盾。
# The general subject here is the correct handling of contradictions among the people and those between ourselves and the enemy.
方法是实事求是,群众路线。
# The method is to seek truth from facts and follow the mass line.
派生的方法是党内党外在一起开一些有关大政方针的会议,公开整风,党和政府的许多错误缺点登报批评。
# The derivative methods are those of holding meetings attended by both Party and non-Party people to discuss major policies, conducting the rectification movement publicly, and criticizing many of the Party's and the government's shortcomings and mistakes in the press.
民主党派,教育界,新闻界,科技界,文艺界,卫生界,工商界,工人阶级、农民阶级各阶层、手工业工人和其它城乡劳动者,都应当进行整风和社会主义教育,分期分批逐步推行。
# The rectification and the socialist education movement should proceed by batches and stages in the democratic parties, in the various circles comprising education, the press, science and technology, literature and art, public health, industry and commerce, and among the working class, the different strata of the peasantry, handicraftsmen and other urban and rural working people.
其中,资产阶级和资产阶级知识分子是使他们接受社会主义改造的问题;小资产阶级(农民和城乡独立劳动者),特别是富裕中农,也是使他们接受社会主义改造的问题;工人阶级和共产党的基本队伍,则是整顿作风的问题。
# With regard to the bourgeoisie and bourgeois intellectuals, the problem is to get them to accept socialist transformation, and the same holds for the petty bourgeoisie (including the peasants and the urban and rural self-employed working people), and especially the well-to-do middle peasants; but where the basic ranks of the working class and the Communist Party are concerned, the problem is to rectify their style of work.
这是性质不同的两个社会范畴的问题。
# These are problems concerning two social categories that are different in character.
既然有这样的不同,为什么通用整风这个口号呢?
# This being the case, why is rectification used as a slogan for both?
我们向人们说:共产党和工人阶级尚且进行整风,难道你们不应当整风吗?
# We can say to people: Since the Communist Party and the working class are undergoing rectification, do you think you can do without it?
这就十分主动了。
# Thus the initiative will be completely in our hands.
整风的方法是批评和自我批评,摆事实,讲道理。
# The method of rectification is to make criticism and self-criticism, present the facts and reason things out.
整风的目的是把斗争方向引导到端正政治方向,提高思想水平,改正工作缺点,团结广大群众,孤立和分化资产阶级右派和一切反对社会主义的分子。
# The aim of rectification is to guide the struggle in such a way as to set right the political orientation, raise the ideological level, overcome shortcomings in work, unite with the broad masses, and isolate and split the bourgeois Rightists and all other anti-socialist elements.
这里所说的资产阶级右派,包括混入共产党内和青年团内的一些同党外团外右派分子政治面貌完全相同的人,他们背叛无产阶级革命事业,向党猖狂进攻,因此必须充分揭露,并把他们开除出去,借以纯洁党团组织。
# The bourgeois Rightists referred to here include those who have sneaked into the Party and the Youth League and whose political complexion is exactly the same as that of the Rightists outside; they have betrayed the revolutionary cause of the proletariat and launched wild attacks against the Party, and therefore must be fully exposed and expelled in order to preserve the purity of the ranks of the Party and the Youth League.
§必须坚定地信任群众的多数,首先是工农基本群众的多数,这是我们的基本出发点。
#§Firm faith in the majority of the masses, and first and foremost in the majority of the basic masses, the workers and peasants -- this is our fundamental point of departure.
即就商、学两界而论,在右派猖狂进攻时期,多数人可以一时被蒙蔽,发生动摇。
# Even in the case of industrialists and businessmen and intellectuals, most people, who may have been deceived for a time and wavered during the period of the Rightists' frenzied attack.
几个星期以后,反击右派展开,多数人也都清醒了,都过来了。
-1#regained their bearings and came over to our side a few weeks later when the counter-attack against the Rightists started.
所以,这两界的多数人,最后也是可以信任的,他们是可以接受改造的。
# Therefore, the majority in these circles are trustworthy in the long run, they can accept socialist transformation.