会议中间提出了很多问题，使我们知道了很多事情。
# Many questions have been raised during the conference and we have learned about many things.
我现在就同志们所讨论的问题讲几点意见。
# I shall now make a few remarks on questions the comrades here have been discussing.
中国社会很久以来就处在大变动中间了。
# Chinese society has been in the midst of great changes for a long time.
抗日战争时期是大变动，解放战争时期也是大变动。
# The War of Resistance Against Japan was one period of great change and the War of Liberation another.
但是就性质来说，现在的变动比过去的变动深刻得多。
# But the present changes are much more profound in character than the earlier ones.
有几亿人口进入社会主义的改造运动。
# Hundreds of millions of people are taking part in the movement for socialist transformation.
全国各个阶级的相互关系都在起变化。
# Class relations are changing throughout the country.
农业和手工业方面的小资产阶级和工商业资产阶级，都发生了变化。
# The petty bourgeoisie in agriculture and handicrafts and the bourgeoisie in industry and commerce have both experienced changes.
社会经济制度变化了，个体经济变为集体经济，资本主义私有制正在变为社会主义公有制。
# The social and economic system has been changed; individual economy has been transformed into collective economy, and capitalist private ownership is being transformed into socialist public ownership.
在不同的阶级、阶层、社会集团的人们中间，对于这个社会制度的大变动，有各种不同的反映。
# These great changes in our social system are reflected differently among people of different classes, strata and social groups.
广大人民群众热烈地拥护这个大变动，因为现实生活证明，社会主义是中国的唯一的出路。
# The masses eagerly support them, for life itself has confirmed that socialism is the only way out for China.
推翻旧的社会制度，建立新的社会制度，即社会主义制度，这是一场伟大的斗争，是社会制度和人的相互关系的一场大变动。
# Overthrowing the old social system and establishing a new one, the system of socialism, means a great struggle, a great change in the social system and in men's relations with each other.
应该说，情况基本上是健康的。
# It should be said that the situation is basically sound.
但是，新的社会制度还刚刚建立，还需要有一个巩固的时间。
# But the new social system has only just been established and requires time for its consolidation.
不能认为新制度一旦建立起来就完全稳固了。
# It must not be assumed that the new system can be completely consolidated the moment it is established.
要使它最后巩固起来，必须实现国家的社会主义工业化，坚持经济战线上的社会主义革命，还必须在政治战线和思想战线上，进行经常的、艰苦的社会主义革命斗争和社会主义教育。
# To achieve its ultimate consolidation, it is necessary not only to bring about the socialist industrialization of the country and persevere in the socialist revolution on the economic front, but also to carry on constant and arduous socialist revolutionary struggles and socialist education on the political and ideological fronts.
在我国，巩固社会主义制度的斗争，社会主义和资本主义谁战胜谁的斗争，还要经过一个很长的历史时期。
# In China the struggle to consolidate the socialist system, the struggle to decide whether socialism or capitalism will prevail, will take a long historical period.
但是，我们大家都应该看到，这个社会主义的新制度是一定会巩固起来的。
# But we should all realize that the new system of socialism will unquestionably be consolidated.
这是我要讲的第一点。
# This is the first point I want to make.
§第二点：关于我国知识分子的情况。
#§Second, the situation regarding the intellectuals in our country.
中国究竟有多少知识分子，没有精确的统计。
# No accurate statistics are available on the number of intellectuals in China.
有人估计，各类知识分子，包括高级知识分子和普通知识分子在内，大约有五百万左右。
# It is estimated that there are about five million of all types, including both higher and ordinary intellectuals.
这五百万左右的知识分子中，绝大多数人都是爱国的，爱我们的中华人民共和国，愿意为人民服务，为社会主义的国家服务。
# Of these five million the overwhelming majority are patriotic, love our People's Republic, and are willing to serve the people and the socialist state.
有少数知识分子对于社会主义制度是不那么欢迎、不那么高兴的。
# A small number do not quite welcome the socialist system and are not very happy about it.