在所有其他区域，大多数对这一问题作出答复的国家都将这种申报列为一项要求。
In all the other regions a majority of States replying to the questionnaire made such a declaration a requirement.
11. 要求须对跨境运输超过规定数额的可流通无记名票据进行申报的国家立法
National legislation requiring the declaration of negotiable bearer instruments being transported across borders when exceeding a specified amount
44. 在被问到本国的立法是否要求须对跨境运输可流通无记名票据进行申报时，有40%的国家指出有这一要求（而第二个报告期的这一比例为45%，第一个报告期为31%）。
Asked whether their national legislation required the declaration of negotiable bearer instruments being transported across borders, 40 per cent of States indicated such a requirement (compared with 45 per cent for the second reporting period and 31 in the first).
其他国家（35%）则没有这一要求。
In other States (35 per cent) there was no such requirement.
在大多数情况下，规定须对跨境运输现金进行申报的国家立法也适用于可流通无记名票据。
In most cases, national legislation establishing requirements to declare the cross-border transport of cash was also applicable to negotiable bearer instruments.
对跨境现金交易不申报者的处罚包括从罚款和（或）扣押和没收所涉票据到判处监禁。
As in the case of undeclared cross-border cash transactions, penalties ranged from fines and/or seizure and confiscation of the instruments to imprisonment.
45. 只有美洲区域显示，大多数国家（65%）报告说它们国家的立法要求须对跨境运输超过规定数额的可流通无记名票据进行申报。
The Americas was the only region where a majority of the States (65 per cent) reported that their national legislation required the declaration of the cross-border transport of negotiable bearer instruments exceeding a specified amount.
在所有其他区域，少数国家制定有这种措施。
In all the other regions a minority of States had such measures.
B. 防止和侦查金融实体中洗钱的措施
Measures to prevent and detect money-laundering in financial entities
1. 报告可疑的和（或）异常的交易
Reporting of suspicious and/or unusual transactions
46. 曾要求各国政府报告是否在它们的金融系统采取了能够报告可疑的和（或）异常的交易的措施。
States were asked to report whether measures had been adopted in their financial systems with a view to enabling the reporting of suspicious and/or unusual transactions.
多数国家（82%）采取了此类措施，与第一个和第二个报告期（分别为63%和80%）相比有明显提高。
Such measures had been adopted by most States (82 per cent), which represented a marked improvement over the first and second reporting periods (63 and 80 per cent, respectively).
47. 国与国之间报告的可疑交易数量相差很大，可能是因为各国的要求不同，如报告是强制性的还是非强制性的。
The number of suspicious transactions reported varied widely between countries and might have been influenced by differing requirements, such as whether reporting was mandatory or not.
举例来说，一些国家报告的可疑和（或）异常交易的数量如下（按从少到多的次序排列）：文莱达鲁萨兰国10件；阿曼28件；巴哈马60件；阿根廷338件；列支敦士登374件；大韩民国3,577件；新西兰7,909件；加拿大14,794件；意大利30,858件；克罗地亚38,366件；哥伦比亚56,613件；联合王国94,708件；荷兰177,000件；俄罗斯联邦630,567件。
For example, a number of countries reported the following numbers of suspicious and/or unusual transactions (in ascending order): 10 in Brunei Darussalam; 28 in Oman; 60 in the Bahamas; 338 in Argentina; 374 in Liechtenstein; 3,577 in the Republic of Korea; 7,909 in New Zealand; 14,794 in Canada; 30,858 in Italy; 38,366 in Croatia; 56,613 in Colombia; 94,708 in the United Kingdom; 177,000 in the Netherlands; and 630,567 in the Russian Federation.
48. 在美洲和大洋洲，所有对第三个报告期的调查表作出答复的国家都指出在其金融系统中采取了能够报告可疑和（或）异常交易的措施。
In the Americas and Oceania, all States replying to the questionnaire for the third reporting period indicated that measures had been adopted in their financial systems with a view to enabling the reporting of suspicious and/or unusual transactions.
其他区域的这一比例为：欧洲93%，非洲75%，亚洲61%。
The figures for other regions were: Europe 93 per cent, Africa 75 per cent and Asia 61 per cent.
49. 还曾要求各国政府报告哪些金融企业和专业团体须按要求提供报告。
States were also asked to report which financial businesses and professional groups were subject to reporting requirements.
多数国家指出银行、信用合作社、钱庄、信托和贷款公司等金融机构都得遵守报告要求。
Most indicated that financial institutions such as banks, credit unions, money service businesses, trust and loan companies were subject.
参与证券经纪及相关活动的机构、保险公司、经纪人和代理人、商业性卡西诺赌场和一般赌场以及不动产代理行也都被要求提供报告。
Also required to report were those involved in securities brokerage and related activities; insurance companies, brokers and agents, commercial casinos and gambling houses; and real estate agencies.
会计师、律师和高价值产品经销商被列为有义务报告可疑金融交易的新职业。
New professions that were obliged to report suspicious financial transactions were accountants, lawyers and dealers in high-value goods.
50. 72%的在第二和第三个报告期作出答复的已采取报告可疑或异常交易的措施的国家在各区域的比例分别为：美洲从93%增加到100%，亚洲也从56%增加到67%；非洲在两个报告期内仍然稳定在73%；大洋洲在两个报告期内仍然稳定在100%；欧洲则从100%下降到96%（见图六）。
On a regional basis, the percentages of the 72 countries reporting in both the second and third reporting periods having adopted measures for reporting suspicious or unusual transactions were: the Americas increased from 93 per cent to 100 per cent and Asia also increased, from 56 per cent to 67 per cent; Africa remained stable at 73 per cent for both periods; Oceania remained stable at 100 per cent for both periods; and Europe declined from 100 per cent to 96 per cent (see figure VI).
图六
Figure VI
按区域分列的已采取报告可疑或异常交易的措施的国家（在第二和第三个报告期作出答复的国家）
States that had adopted measures for the reporting of suspicious or unusual transactions, by region (those responding in both the second and the third reporting periods)
2. “了解客户”原则
“Know-your-client” principle