委员会并关注到仍受到暴力冲突影响的卡崩达飞地内儿童的状况。
The Committee is also concerned about the situation of children in the enclave of Cabinda, which is still affected by violent conflict.
438. 委员会建议缔约国保证，特别注意原来当过士兵的儿童特别是女童，他们担任家庭佣人、搬运工等职业。
The Committee recommends that the State party ensure that special attention is given to former child soldiers and children, in particular girls, who were domestic workers, porters, etc.
参加军事集团的所有儿童都应当有资格接受复原方案。
All children who participated in military groups should be eligible for rehabilitation programmes.
这些方案应当包括心理-社会康复以及重归社区的方案。
These programmes should include psychosocial rehabilitation and programmes for community integration.
此外，缔约国应当采取一切必要措施，为居住在卡崩达飞地的儿童提供适当保护。
Furthermore, the State party should take all necessary measures to provide adequate protection for children in the enclave of Cabinda.
439. 委员会深表关注的是，该国全国各地散布着大量地雷，每年造成多人死伤，并且对缔约国儿童的生命、存活和发展造成威胁。
The Committee notes with deep concern the large number of landmines which remain spread out across the country, causing many deaths and injuries every year and posing a threat to the life, survival and development of children in the State party.
440. 委员会建议缔约国采取一切必要措施，保护儿童免受地雷的伤害，其方式可以包括继续并加强扫雷方案，以及提醒大家认识到地雷问题和儿童受害者健康康复的方案。
The Committee recommends that the State party take all necessary measures to protect children against landmines, including by continuing and strengthening its mine clearance programmes and programmes for mine awareness and physical rehabilitation of child victims.
441. 委员会欢迎缔约国于2001年批准了劳工组织第138和182号公约，但同时关注到缔约国许多未足合法年龄的儿童，多数在家庭农场和非正式部门从事工作的情况，并注意到这些儿童的工作未受到监管，尽管众所周知儿童很容易在就业中受到剥削。
While welcoming the State party's ratification of ILO Conventions Nos. 138 and 182 in 2001, the Committee is concerned that many children below the legal age for employment work in the State party, mostly in family farms and in the informal sector, and that the work of these children is not monitored, although it is known that children are vulnerable to exploitation in employment.
442. 委员会建议缔约国：
The Committee recommends that the State party:
加强努力，防止不足合法就业年龄的儿童工作； 寻求创新的战略，使决定工作而且已完成初等教育的儿童能够将工作与继续教育结合起来； 建立一个监察制度，以便保证儿童从事的工作属于轻松工作，同时不存在剥削； 制定有指标的方案，保护与父母分离的儿童的权利以及在街头工作的儿童权利； 寻求劳工组织/消除童工现象国际方案的技术援助。
(d) Develop targeted programmes to protect the rights of children separated from their parents and working in the streets;
性剥削和人口贩运
Sexual exploitation and trafficking
443. 委员会关注到缔约国内对儿童的性剥削和贩运问题很普遍，并注意到，国内流离失所的儿童和街头儿童尤其容易遭受这种虐待。
The Committee is concerned about the extent of the problem of sexual exploitation of and trafficking in children in the State party and notes that internally displaced and street children are particularly vulnerable to such abuse.
444. 委员会建议缔约国进一步加强努力，查明、防止和制止为性剥削和其它剥削目的贩运儿童的行为，其方式可以包括最后拟定国家在这方面的行动计划，提供适当的法律框架，并为实施这一计划提供足够的人力和财力资源。
The Committee recommends that the State party further strengthen its efforts to identify, prevent and combat trafficking in children for sexual and other exploitative purposes, including by finalizing the national plan of action in this area and providing the appropriate legal framework and sufficient human and financial resources for its implementation.
委员会并鼓励缔约国将“贩运”界定为刑事法内的特种刑事罪行。
The Committee also encourages the State party to define “trafficking” as a special criminal offence under the Penal Code.
流落街头儿童
Street children
445. 委员会对缔约国街头儿童人数日增表示关注。
The Committee expresses its concern at the increasing number of street children in the State party.
委员会并关注地注意到流落街头儿童普遍使用麻醉物品。
It also notes with concern the generalized use of intoxicating substances among street children.
446. 委员会建议缔约国：
The Committee recommends that the State party:
进行一次全面研究，以便评价街头儿童的状况； 采取措施解决这一现象的根源，从而防止并减少这一现象； 保证街头儿童能获得适当的营养、衣着、居住、卫生保健和教育机会，其中包括职业和生活技能培训，以便帮助其全面成长； 保证这些儿童能够得到有关遭受身体上、性方面和滥用毒品方面的康复及重新融入社会服务，以及与家庭和解的服务。
(d) Ensure that these children are provided with recovery and reintegration services for physical, sexual and substance abuse and services for reconciliation with their families.
少年司法
Administration of juvenile justice
447. 委员会欢迎根据1996年4月19日《青少年司法法》建立的专门青少年司法体系。
The Committee welcomes the establishment of a specific juvenile justice system under the Law on Juvenile Justice of 19 April 1996.
但是，委员会对于该国未能执行相关法律，而这项法律的规则与条例尚未颁布表示关注。
It expresses concern, however, at the failure to implement the law and the fact that the rules and regulations governing this law have still to be published.
448. 根据《公约》第37、39和40条及其它相关国际标准，委员会建议缔约国遵守《公约》的这些条款以及联合国在这一方面的其它标准，尤其是《联合国少年司法最低限度标准规则》(“北京规则”)和《联合国预防少年犯罪准则》(“利雅得准则”)，保证充分实施青少年司法。
In light of articles 37, 39 and 40 and other relevant international standards, the Committee recommends that the State party ensure the full implementation of juvenile justice standards in conformity with those articles of the Convention, as well as with other United Nations standards in this field, in particular the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Administration of Juvenile Justice (the Beijing Rules) and the United Nations Guidelines for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency (the Riyadh Guidelines).
In particular, the Committee recommends that the State party:
拨出适当的人力和财力资源，以便保证在缔约国全国实施《青少年司法法》，其中包括设立少年法院，并正式颁布有关该法的规则和条例； 对负责执行少年司法的人员提供适当培训； 保证所有18岁以下的犯人均按照少年司法体系审理； 将剥夺自由作为最后手段，并适用于尽可能短的时间，并鼓励使用剥夺自由以外的替代措施； 寻求人权高专办和儿童基金会等各机构的援助。
(a) Allocate adequate human and financial resources to ensure the implementation of the Law on Juvenile Justice throughout the State party, including the creation of juvenile courts and the official publication of rules and regulations concerning that law;