㈥ “信息系统”系指生成、发送、接收、存储或用其他方法处理数据电文的系统;
(f) “Information system” means a system for generating, sending, receiving, storing or otherwise processing data messages;
㈦ “自动电文系统”系指一种计算机程序或者一种电子手段或其他自动手段,用以引发一个行动或者全部或部分地对数据电文或执行生成答复,而无须每次在该系统引发行动或生成答复时由自然人进行复查或干预;
(g) “Automated message system” means a computer program or an electronic or other automated means used to initiate an action or respond to data messages or performances in whole or in part, without review or intervention by a natural person each time an action is initiated or a response is generated by the system;
㈧ “营业地”系指当事人为了从事一项经济活动,但并非从某一处所临时提供货物或服务而保持一非短暂性营业所的任何地点。
(h) “Place of business” means any place where a party maintains a non-transitory establishment to pursue an economic activity other than the temporary provision of goods or services out of a specific location.
第五条 解释
Article 5 Interpretation
一、 在解释本公约时,应当考虑到其国际性以及促进其适用上的统一和在国际贸易中遵守诚信的必要性。
In the interpretation of this Convention, regard is to be had to its international character and to the need to promote uniformity in its application and the observance of good faith in international trade.
二、 涉及本公约所管辖事项的问题, 未在本公约中明确解决的,应当按照本公约所依据的一般原则加以解决,在无此种原则时,应当按照国际私法规则指定的适用法律加以解决。
Questions concerning matters governed by this Convention which are not expressly settled in it are to be settled in conformity with the general principles on which it is based or, in the absence of such principles, in conformity with the law applicable by virtue of the rules of private international law.
第六条 当事人的所在地
Article 6 Location of the parties
一、 就本公约而言,当事人的营业地推定为其所指明的所在地,除非另一方当事人证明该指明其所在地的当事人在该所在地无营业地。
For the purposes of this Convention, a party's place of business is presumed to be the location indicated by that party, unless another party demonstrates that the party making the indication does not have a place of business at that location.
二、 当事人未指明营业地并且拥有不止一个营业地的,就本公约而言,与有关合同关系最密切的营业地为其营业地,但须考虑到双方当事人在合同订立之前任何时候或合同订立之时所知道或所设想的情况。
If a party has not indicated a place of business and has more than one place of business, then the place of business for the purposes of this Convention is that which has the closest relationship to the relevant contract, having regard to the circumstances known to or contemplated by the parties at any time before or at the conclusion of the contract.
三、 自然人无营业地的,以其惯常居所为准。
If a natural person does not have a place of business, reference is to be made to the person's habitual residence.
四、 一所在地并不仅因以下两点之一而成为营业地:㈠ 系一方当事人订立合同所用信息系统的支持设备和技术的所在地;㈡ 系其他当事人可以进入该信息系统的地方。
A location is not a place of business merely because that is: (a) where equipment and technology supporting an information system used by a party in connection with the formation of a contract are located; or (b) where the information system may be accessed by other parties.
五、 仅凭一方当事人使用与某一特定国家相关联的域名或电子信箱地址,不能推定其营业地位于该国。
The sole fact that a party makes use of a domain name or electronic mail address connected to a specific country does not create a presumption that its place of business is located in that country.
第七条 对提供情况的要求
Article 7 Information requirements
本公约中的规定概不影响适用任何可能要求当事人披露其身份、营业地或其他情况的法律规则,也不免除当事人就此作出不准确、不完整或虚假说明的法律后果。
Nothing in this Convention affects the application of any rule of law that may require the parties to disclose their identities, places of business or other information, or relieves a party from the legal consequences of making inaccurate, incomplete or false statements in that regard.
第三章 国际合同使用电子通信
Chapter III Use of electronic communications in international contracts
第八条 对电子通信的法律承认
Article 8 Legal recognition of electronic communications
一、 对于一项通信或一项合同,不得仅以其为电子通信形式为由而否定其效力或可执行性。
A communication or a contract shall not be denied validity or enforceability on the sole ground that it is in the form of an electronic communication.
二、 本公约中的规定概不要求当事人使用或接受电子通信,但可以根据当事人的作为推断其是否同意使用或接受电子通信。
Nothing in this Convention requires a party to use or accept electronic communications, but a party's agreement to do so may be inferred from the party's conduct.
第九条 形式要求
Article 9 Form requirements
一、 本公约中的规定概不要求一项通信或一项合同以任何特定形式作出、订立或证明。
Nothing in this Convention requires a communication or a contract to be made or evidenced in any particular form.
二、 凡法律要求一项通信或一项合同应当采用书面形式的,或规定了不采用书面形式的后果的,如果一项电子通信所含信息可以调取以备日后查用,即满足了该项要求。
Where the law requires that a communication or a contract should be in writing, or provides consequences for the absence of a writing, that requirement is met by an electronic communication if the information contained therein is accessible so as to be usable for subsequent reference.
三、 凡法律要求一项通信或一项合同应当由当事人签字的,或法律规定了没有签字的后果的,对于一项电子通信而言,在下列情况下,即满足了该项要求:
Where the law requires that a communication or a contract should be signed by a party, or provides consequences for the absence of a signature, that requirement is met in relation to an electronic communication if:
㈠ 使用了一种方法来鉴别该当事人的身份和表明该当事人对电子通信所含信息的意图;而且
(a) A method is used to identify the party and to indicate that party's intention in respect of the information contained in the electronic communication; and
㈡ 所使用的这种方法:
(b) The method used is either: