尽管参加初等教育课程的多数学生都是8-14岁的儿童，但参加非正规基础教育课程的多数学生都是15岁以上的儿童。
While the majority of the ones involved in primary education programs are children of 8-14 years old, the majority of the ones involved in unofficial basic education programs are children of older than 15 years old.
我们可以看到这样一种积极趋势，即在参加初等教育的儿童当中，男生的比例增加了。
We can see a positive trend that percentage of boys among the children involved in primary education has increased.
需要把主要注意力放在向辍学多年的15岁以上男性提供非正规教育方面。
It is necessary to pay main attention to provision of unofficial education services for the men older than 15 years old who have spent many years since they were dropped out of schools.
图5. 初等教育再培训的参与情况 按城乡列示
Graph 5.
Involvement in Retraining for Primary Education,
尽管8-14岁儿童参与非正规基础教育课程的男女差别不大，但成年组男性比例较高表明女生辍学率下降了。
Though there is no significant difference between boys and girls among the children of 8-14 years old involved in unofficial basic education programs, the higher percentage of males among the group of adults demonstrates that the girls' dropping-out of schools has decreased.
图6. 基础教育再培训的参与情况，按城乡列示
Graph 6.
Involvement in Retraining for Basic Education,
对11 953名辍学儿童进行调查的结果表明，儿童辍学的原因有生活困难、不想上学、开始工作等因素，也有没有具体原因的。
The study of 11953 children who dropped out of schools reveals some reasons such as difficult living conditions, lack of wish to study, switch to job employment, as well as no specific reason.
例如，在这些儿童当中有2 515人生活困难（其中女性1039人），1 932人不想学习（其中女性725人），3 235人开始工作（其中女性1 307人），4 371人辍学没有具体原因（其中女性1 837人）。
For example, 2515 (1039 of which are female) of those children had difficult living conditions, 1932 (725 of which are female) did not want to study, 3235 (1307 of which are female) switched to job employment and 4371 (1837 of which are female) had no specific reason to leave schools.
二、下表说明了2005/2006学年职业培训中心的学生情况：
Two.
The following table shows the status of students of vocational training centers as of the 2005/2006 academic year:
表9. 职业培训中心的学生，2005/2006学年
Table 9.
Students of Vocational Training Centers, 2005/2006 academic year
完成学校8年普通教育后参加职业培训中心培训的绝大多数学生都是男生这一事实表明，家长更想让他们的女儿接受高等教育，而希望他们的儿子接受具体的职业培训，以便参加工作。
The fact that the overwhelming majority of the students who finished the 8th grade of general education schools and were enrolled to vocational training centers are male demonstrates that parents are more interested in having their daughters had higher education while they want their sons to obtain a specific vocational profession for labour work.
70%以上受过基础教育并注册9年级和10年级的学生都是女生。
More than 70 percent of the students with basic education who are enrolled to the 9th and 10th grades of schools are girls.
因此，注册上大学和高等院校的绝大多数学生都是女生，以下数据就清楚地证明了这一点。
Hence, the overwhelming majority of the students enrolled to universities, institutes and colleges are female, which is evidently demonstrated by the following data.
表10. 高等教育机构的学生，2004/2005学年
Table 10.
Students of Higher Educational Establishments,
资料来源：教育、文化和科学部提供的数据。
Source: Data from the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science
三、学校员工的性别比例是对学生的性别均衡有一定影响的因素。
Three.
The sex ratio of the employees of schools is a factor which affects to certain extends the gender balance of students.
对直接与学生打交道的教职人员进行的调查结果表明，在2004/2005学年，女教师的比例在普通教育学校为80.2%，在职业培训中心为63.2%，在高等教育机构为53.2%。
The study of the teaching personnel who directly works with students reveals that, in the 2004/2005 academic year, 80.2 percent of the teachers of general education schools, 63.2 percent of the teachers of vocational training centers and 53.2 percent of the teachers of higher education organizations are women.
但是，学校管理部门的性别比与上述统计数字恰恰相反。
However, the gender ratio in the school administrations is opposite to the above statistics.
例如：普通教育学校女校长和女主任的比例为29.3%，教育和文化中心女领导的比例为16.1%，职业培训中心女领导的比例为10%，大学和高等院校女校长的比例为15.5%。
For example: 29.3 percent of directors and deans of general education schools, 16.1 percent of the heads of educational and cultural centers, 10 percent of the directors of vocational training centers, and 15.5 percent of the college and universities' directors are women.
高等教育机构中40.8-61.6%的副校长、系主任和教研室主任也是女性。
40.8-61.6 percent of deputy directors, deans and methodologists are also women in higher educational institutions.
这证明，以游牧生活方式中男女分工为基础的性别陈规定型观念对教育方面的重要问题仍然产生很大的影响，这体现在青年人对性别观念的理解上。
This demonstrates that gender stereotypes based on the distribution of functions between men and women in the nomadic style of life had a strong impact on the critical issues of education, which is revealed in the understanding of the concept of gender by young people.
2003年，根据教育、文化和科学部长令成立了性别观察股，该机构作为一个负责调查蒙古教育部门中性别均衡状况的独立机构，并向制定和执行教育政策的各种组织提出政策性建议。
The Gender Observation Unit was established in 2003 by the Decree of the Minister for Education, Culture and Science as an independent organization with the functions to conduct surveys on gender balance in the educational sector in Mongolia, and to give recommendations of policy character to the organizations which develop and implement educational policies.
教育性别观察股在2003-2005年对教育部门中性别关系进行的调查表明，在学校和幼儿园的建设和配备过程中并没有适当考虑性别差异或男女的具体需要，普通教育学校的新标准对性别问题认识不足，课本中含有性别陈规定型观念，并且性别不平等做法很有可能加重教师和学生的性别不均衡。
Surveys conducted by the Education Gender Observation Unit in 2003-2005 on gender relations in the educational sector revealed that gender differences or specific needs for male and female are not taken into account properly in the building and equipment of schools and kindergartens, the sense of gender issues in new standard for general education schools is weak, textbooks include gender stereotypes and the gender inequality approaches are likely to deepen in the teachers' and students' inbalances.
尽管教育部门中绝大多数职工和学生都是女性，但是教育部门的物质环境和心理环境都还不是十分有利于她们。
Though the overwhelming majority of employees in the educational sector and students is women, the physical and psychological environment of the educational sector is not yet fully favorable to them.