正如瓦尼亚(Wania)和麦基(1996年)指出的,乙型六氯环己烷的物理化学特性(表1列出了部分特性)有利于“冷凝”——冷凝是指在寒冷气候条件下物质进行横向与纵向富集,而不是近源浓缩。
The physico-chemical properties (a selection is given in Table 1) of beta-HCH allow for “cold condensation”, an enrichment of the substance in cold climates compared to concentrations near sources, on altitudinal and latitudinal scales described by Wania and Mackay (1996).
乙型六氯环己烷的亨利定律常数比甲型六氯环己烷小20,如果水温有利于该物质从空气向水分配,那么亨利定律常数将会大大下降。
The Henry's Law Constant is a factor of 20 lower than for alpha-HCH and decreases significantly with water temperature which favours partitioning from air to water.
另外,对于乙型六氯环己烷来说,其正辛醇-空气分配系数(Koa)的对数值相对较大,因此,有助于从空气向环境有机相分配。
Also its relatively high log Koa promotes partitioning from air to environmental organic phases.
这很可能是甲型六氯环己烷和乙型六氯环己烷在环境中具有不同迁移路径的原因之一(李与麦克唐纳,2005年)。
This is probably one reason why transportation pathways of alpha- and beta-HCH diverge in the environment (Li and Macdonald, 2005).
在对甲型六氯环己烷、乙型六氯环己烷和γ-六氯环己烷的物理化学特性进行数据分析后,肖等人(2004年)得出结论:乙型六氯环己烷的环境行为不同于其他异构体,是由于其在水和辛醇中溶性较高造成的,而不是因为相对于γ-和α-异构体而言,其挥发性较弱。
Based on an extensive data analysis of the physico-chemical properties of alpha-, beta- and gamma-HCH Xiao et al. (2004) concluded that its different environmental behaviour is caused by a higher solubility in water and octanol rather than the lower volatility compared to the gamma- and alpha-isomer.
表 1: 乙型六氯环己烷的若干物理化学特性
Table 1: Selected physico-chemical properties of beta-HCH
2 Xiao等人(2004年)。
2 Xiao et al.
1.2 持久性有机污染物审查委员会关于附件D资料的结论
1.2 Conclusion of the POP Review Committee of Annex D information
在日内瓦召开的第二次会议上,持久性有机污染物审查委员会根据《斯德哥尔摩公约》附件D 的要求,对墨西哥递交的乙型六氯环己烷提案(UNEP/POPS/POPRC.2/INF/8)进行了评估——该提案由秘书处在UNEP/ POPS/POPRC.2/16号文件中做了总结。
The POP Review Committee evaluated the proposal regarding beta-HCH submitted by Mexico (UNEP/POPS/POPRC.2/INF/8 as summarized by the Secretariat in document UNEP/POPS/POPRC.2/16) according to the requirements in Annex D of the Stockholm Convention at its second meeting in Geneva.
在第POPRC-2/10号决定中,委员会得出结论,认为乙型六氯环己烷符合附件D中所列的筛选标准。
In Decision POPRC-2/10 the Committee reached the conclusion that beta-HCH meets the screening criteria specified in Annex D.
委员会还决定建立一个特设工作小组,以进一步审议提案,并根据《公约》附件E的要求准备一份风险简介草案。
The Committee also decided to establish an ad hoc working group to review the proposal further and prepare a draft risk profile in accordance with Annex E of the Convention.
1.3 资料来源
1.3 Data sources
风险简介草案的资料来源如下:
The draft risk profile is based on the following data sources:
2006年墨西哥关于把甲型与乙型六氯环己烷列入《公约》附件A、B和/或C的提案(UNEP/POPS/POPRC.2/INF/8); 2006年审查委员会的第POPRC-2/10号决定; 由缔约国和观察员根据《公约》附件E递交的资料:特别和/或科学信息:捷克共和国、法国、德国、国际持久性有机污染物清除网(IPEN)、日本、挪威、瑞士、美国;一般信息:阿尔及利亚、农作物国际协会、巴林王国、毛里求斯、墨西哥、卡特尔、立陶宛共和国和土耳其。
Proposal submitted by Mexico for listing alpha- and beta-HCH in Annexes A, B and/or C to the Convention (UNEP/POPS/POPRC2./INF/8), 2006.
Decision POPRC-2/10 of the Review Committee, 2006.
Information submitted by parties and observers according to Annex E of the Convention: specific and/or scientific information: Czech Republic, France, Germany, International POPs Elimination Network (IPEN), Japan, Norway, Switzerland, United States of America, general information: Algeria, Crop Life International, Kingdom of Bahrain, Mauritius, Mexico, Qatar, Republic of Lithuania and Turkey.
《公约》网站上提供了这些信息http://www.pops.int/documents/meetings/poprc/prepdocs/annexEsubmissions/ submissions.htm; 2006年《林丹和其他六氯环己烷异构体的评估报告》,美国环境保护局,http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/ REDs/factsheets/lindane_isomers_fs.htm; 国际化学品安全规划署关于α-与乙型六氯环己烷的环境卫生标准123,世界卫生组织,1992年,日内瓦,http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc123.htm; 《六氯环己烷的毒理学简介》,美国毒物与疾病登记署公共卫生局卫生与人类服务部,2005年,http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp43.html; 2006年《关于林丹和其他六氯环己烷异构体的北美区域行动计划》(NARAP),北美环境合作委员会,http://www.cec.org/pubs_docs/documents/index.cfm?varlan=english&ID=2053。
This information is available on the Convention's website (http://www.pops.int/documents/meetings/poprc/prepdocs/annexEsubmissions/submissions.htm) Assessment of lindane and other hexachlorocyclohexane isomers, USEPA, 2006. http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/factsheets/lindane_isomers_fs.htm International Programme on Chemical Safety, ALPHA- and BETA-HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANES, Environmental Health Criteria 123, World Health Organization.
Geneva, 1992. http://www.inchem.org/documents/ehc/ehc/ehc123.htm Toxicological profile for hexachlorocyclohexanes, United States of America Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2005. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp43.html The North American Regional Action Plan (NARAP) on Lindane and Other Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) Isomers.
North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation http://www.cec.org/pubs_docs/documents/index.cfm?varlan=english&ID=2053
除了这些信息来源外,还检索了公共数据库的文献。
In addition to these information sources a literature search of public data bases was conducted.
风险简介草案采用了以下数据库:生态毒理学数据库(Ecotox)(http://www.epa.gov/ecotox/);有害物质数据库(HSDB)(http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/ htmlgen?HSDB);Pubmed数据库(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed);环境转归性数据库(EFDB)(http://www.syrres.com/esc/efdb_info.htm)。
The following databases were used: ECOTOXicology database (Ecotox, http://www.epa.gov/ecotox/) Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB, http://toxnet.nlm. nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/htmlgen?HSDB), Pubmed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed), Environmental Fate Data Base (EFDB http://www.syrres. com/esc/efdb_info.htm.
检索的一般术语包括:化学名称、化学文摘号和/或由于多个检索条目而采用的专业术语组合。
In general search terms include the chemical name or CAS number and/or a combination of a technical term because of the multiplicity of entries.
另外,出于同一原因,还参考了专题和最新的文章。
For the same reason, specific topical and updated articles were also considered.
以上所列报告还有各自的参考文献,这些文献没有列入风险简介草案。
The reports listed above contained individual references which were not listed again in this draft risk profile.
文件所参考的文献被列入UNEP/POPS/POPRC.3/INF/28。
References referred to in this document are provided in UNEP/POPS/POPRC.3/INF/28.
1.4 国际公约下该化学品的现状
1.4 Status of the chemical under international conventions
乙型六氯环己烷是工业级六氯环己烷的一个成分,至少有两个国际协议对其做出了规定。
Beta-HCH is a constituent of technical HCH, which is regulated at least by two international agreements.
第一个是《长距离越界空气污染公约》1998年《奥尔胡斯持久性有机污染物议定书》。
The first one is the 1998 Aarhus Protocol on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) under the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution.