需要指出的是，这些比例与其他国家相比是较低的。
These rates are considered low compared to other countries of the world.
对六岁以下儿童的保健服务：
Health Care for Children Under Six
271. 对六岁以下儿童的定期检查是对这一年龄段儿童的重要预防性医疗服务，所有的卫生中心都提供这样的服务，在定期检查中根据成长指标（身高、体重、头围）对营养不良进行早期发现。
Periodic examinations of children under six are an important preventive service for this age group.
This service is available in all health centres.
The focus in these periodic visits is on measuring growth (height, weight, head circumference) for the purpose of early detection of malnutrition.
根据MICS-2000调查报告显示，五岁以下儿童体重偏低的比例很低，为7.6%。
According to the data in the MICS-2000, in Bahrain's under-five population, 7.6% were underweight (a low rate), 6.4% showed wasting (too thin for their height), and 8.1% showed height deficiency relative to age.
五岁以下儿童体重与身高比偏低的比例为6.4%，身高与年龄比偏低的比例为8.1%。
According to the data in the MICS-2000, in Bahrain's under-five population, 7.6% were underweight (a low rate), 6.4% showed wasting (too thin for their height), and 8.1% showed height deficiency relative to age.
这些比例总体来说是比较低的，它反映了对儿童定期检查服务的发展，也反映了儿童健全的营养状况。
These rates are considered low in general, reflecting the development of periodic, paediatric examination services with a focus on sound nutritional methods.
272. 关于五岁以下儿童的缺铁性贫血，卫生部营养部门1996年的研究显示，6个月至5岁年龄段的儿童中有26.7%患有此病，这一比例是非常高的，需要制定战略规划来降低比例。
The rate of iron-deficiency anaemia among children five months to five years of age according to a 1996 study by the Nutrition Division in the Ministry of Health is 26.7%.
Strategies and plans are needed to lower this rate.
为实现患缺铁性贫血儿童比例的下降，巴林制定了战略定期为9个月大的婴儿检查是否患有贫血，这是对贫血病的早期检查，随后可以进行治疗以避免该病带来的危险，如身体和智力发育迟缓，理解能力低下等。
A strategy has indeed been formulated to routinely test the haemoglobin of all children at age nine months to detect the problem early and begin treatment to avoid the risks of iron-deficient anaemia, which include delayed physical and mental development and a low level of comprehension and understanding in the early development stages of the child's life.
此外，要对医务人员进行培训，使他们能够正确使用仪器、制定治疗计划，还要加紧营养教育活动，颁布针对六岁以下儿童的详细的营养计划，包括需要营养的多少、种类等。
In addition, health workers are given ongoing training in conducting anthropometric measurements using sound methods and in reading the results and formulating the necessary treatment plans.
Nutrition education activities have also been intensified.
Precise nutritional tables have been published for all age groups below six.
通过卫生部营养部门的努力，2001年开始巴林在谷物中添加铁来降低患病率。
These tables cover the quantities and types of food required by this age group.
The Nutrition Division in the Ministry of Health is also making efforts in this regard.
使用避孕器具的比例
Birth Control Use Rate
273. 各卫生中心、公立和私立医院都提供避孕器具，在进行必要的医学检查之后确认所采用的避孕器具是否适合女性的健康情况。
Birth control is available at all health centres and government and private hospitals.
根据1995年家庭健康调查的结果显示，夫妻间使用避孕器具的比例达到62%，其中30%使用新的、科学的方法。
The various birth-control methods are described after the necessary medical examinations are conducted to determine which birth control method best suits the woman's health.
还有9%使用传统方法避孕。
The various birth-control methods are described after the necessary medical examinations are conducted to determine which birth control method best suits the woman's health.
而使用传统途径的比例为32%，其中10%为使用避孕套，19.6%为外部射精。
According to the Family Health Study conducted in 1995: 62% of married people use birth control, including 9% who use birth control pills, 5.5% of women who undergo tubal ligations, and 2.5% who use the intrauterine device; and 32% use traditional methods, including 10% who use condoms and 19.6% who use withdrawal.
表（33）
Table 33
资料来源：1995年家庭健康调查。
Source: Family Health Study, 1995.
第三：女性与不孕不育症
Women and Infertility
274. 不孕不育症指的是在不采取任何避孕措施的情况下，在至少一年以上经多次自然性交而无法生育的症状。
Infertility is the inability to procreate during a period of at least one year in which natural intercourse occurs repeatedly without any birth control.
在治疗不孕不育症的方法没有得到发展之前，女性在家庭和社会中承受着巨大的心理压力和身体上的痛苦，在大多数情况，女性在没有丈夫或家人支持的情况下独立接受治疗。
Previously, before the development of advanced infertility treatment methods, women bore most of the psychological pressures and physical pain of infertility as a social stigma within the husband's family and society.
Women, therefore, were the main recipients of treatment, often lacking support from their husbands or their husbands' families.
随着不孕不育症治疗方法的发展，有关不孕不育症的信息通过各种媒体传递到社会，使社会明确认识到，无法生产是夫妻双方的共同责任。
Following the development of infertility treatment methods, information on infertility has been conveyed to society through the various media.
Society's awareness has been heightened regarding the joint responsibility of both the husband and the wife for infertility.
巴林王国的医院重视使用传统的治疗方法来医治不孕不育症，卫生部所属医院以及军队医院在进行必要的检查后，提出药物治疗或手术治疗方案。
Bahraini hospitals have sought to provide the necessary conventional treatment for infertility in the Department of Gynaecological Diseases and Obstetrics in the Ministry of Health and the Military Hospital through consultations and the conduct of the necessary analyses to provide pharmaceutical and surgical treatment solutions whenever possible.
275. 巴林已经建立了体外授精和试管婴儿中心，并于1988年在军队医院开始向无法使用传统方法治疗不孕不育症的夫妻提供服务。
An In-Vitro Fertilization Centre was established and began operating in 1988 at the Military Hospital.
在对不孕不育症的治疗计划中，还包含着遗传学研究计划，用来研究遗传性疾病问题。
It provides treatment to couples not helped by conventional methods, depending on the causes of the infertility.